Showing 181-200 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2018
With the increased demand for whiter teeth, home-based bleaching products, either dentist-prescribed or over-the-counter products have been exponentially increasing in the past few decades. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2006.
- Human growth hormone and glutamine for patients with short bowel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2010
There has been clinical enthusiasm for treating short bowel patients with human recombinant growth hormone and/or glutamine in hopes of reducing parenteral nutrition dependency. It has been more than a decade since Byrne and colleagues reported enhanced a
- Human recombinant activated factor VII for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Mortality from upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver disease is high. Recombinant human activated factor VII (rHuFVIIa) has been suggested for patients with liver disease and upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Hyaluronate for temporomandibular joint disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2013
Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) refer to a group of heterogeneous pain and dysfunction conditions involving the masticatory system, reducing life quality of the sufferers. Intra-articular injection of hyaluronate for TMD has been used for nearly 2
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late radiation tissue injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2016
Cancer is a significant global health problem. Radiotherapy is a treatment for many cancers and about 50% of people having radiotherapy will be long-term survivors. Some will experience late radiation tissue injury (LRTI) developing months or years later.
- Hypnotherapy for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-May-2008
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder of unknown aetiology. Current pharmacological treatments have limited value. Hypnotherapy has been reported to have beneficial effects for IBS symptoms.
- Ileostomy or colostomy for temporary decompression of colorectal anastomosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
The use of loop ileostomy or loop transverse colostomy represents an important issue in colorectal surgery. Despite a slight preference for a loop ileostomy as a temporary stoma, the best form for temporary decompression of colorectal anastomosis still re
- Immunoglobulin for alloimmune hemolytic disease in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2018
Exchange transfusion and phototherapy have traditionally been used to treat jaundice and avoid the associated neurological complications. Because of the risks and burdens of exchange transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been suggested as an
- Immunoglobulins for preventing hepatitis A
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) is a common epidemic disease. Immunoglobulins for passive immunisation are used as prevention.
- Incision and drainage of perianal abscess with or without treatment of anal fistula
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2010
The perianal abscess is a common surgical problem. A third of perianal abscesses may manifest a fistula-in-ano which increases the risk of abscess recurrence requiring repeat surgical drainage. Treating the fistula at the same time as incision and drainag
- Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2018
Infant formulas containing hydrolysed proteins have been widely advocated for preventing allergic disease in infants, in place of standard cow’s milk formula (CMF). However, it is unclear whether the clinical trial evidence supports this.
- Initial management strategies for dyspepsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2009
This review considers management strategies (combinations of initial investigation and empirical treatments) for dyspeptic patients. Dyspepsia was defined to include both epigastric pain and heartburn.
- Insecticide‐treated nets for preventing malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2018
A previous version of this Cochrane Review identified that insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are effective at reducing child mortality, parasite prevalence, and uncomplicated and severe malaria episodes. Insecticide-treated nets have since become a core int
- Interferon alpha for chronic hepatitis D
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Nov-2011
Hepatitis D virus is a small defective RNA virus that requires the presence of hepatitis B virus infection to infect a person. Hepatitis D is a difficult-to-treat infection. Several clinical trials have been published on the efficacy of interferon alpha f
- Interferon for acute hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection progresses to chronicity in the majority of patients. In order to prevent the progression to chronic disease, several studies have assessed interferon in patients with acute hepatitis C.
- Interferon for interferon naive patients with chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
A previous meta-analysis of interferon therapy in naive patients with chronic hepatitis C has documented its efficacy in achieving virologic clearance, and improving liver biochemistry and histology; however, since its publication additional trials have b
- Interferon for interferon nonresponding and relapsing patients with chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2012
The widely-accepted treatment outcome for chronic hepatitis C is the sustained viral response (that is, no measurable viral RNA in blood six months after treatment). However, this surrogate outcome (as well as the previously employed biochemical and histo
- Interspace/interdental brushes for oral hygiene in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2013
Accumulation of plaque on tooth surfaces that have fixed orthodontic appliances is increased. Effective removal is essential to maintain oral health but it is unclear whether the use of interdental or interspace brushes is useful.
- Interventions for cutaneous molluscum contagiosum
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-May-2017
Molluscum contagiosum is a common skin infection that is caused by a pox virus and occurs mainly in children. The infection usually resolves within months in people without immune deficiency, but treatment may be preferred for social and cosmetic reasons
- Interventions for dysphagia in long‐term, progressive muscle disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2016
Normal swallowing function is divided into oral, pharyngeal, and oesophageal phases. The anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity facilitates an oral preparatory phase of swallowing, in which food and liquid are pushed towards the pharynx by the tongue.
