Showing 181-200 of 644 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Respiratory 
- Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Both prophylactic and early surfactant replacement therapy reduce mortality and pulmonary complications in ventilated infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with later selective surfactant administration. However, continued post-surfact
- Early use of inhaled corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Systemic corticosteroid therapy is central to the management of acute asthma. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) may also be beneficial in this setting.
- Early versus late chest radiotherapy in patients with limited‐stage small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
This is an update of the original review published in Issue 1, 2005. It is standard clinical practice to combine chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy in treating patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the best way to integrate both mo
- Early versus late tracheostomy for critically ill patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jan-2015
Long-term mechanical ventilation is the most common situation for which tracheostomy is indicated for patients in intensive care units (ICUs). 'Early' and 'late' tracheostomies are two categories of the timing of tracheostomy. Evidence on the advantages a
- Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Feb-2014
Echinacea plant preparations (family Asteraceae) are widely used in Europe and North America for common colds. Most consumers and physicians are not aware that products available under the term Echinacea differ appreciably in their composition, mainly du
- Education interventions for adults who attend the emergency room for acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2013
The use of educational and behavioural interventions in the management of chronic asthma have a strong evidence base. There may be a role for educative interventions following presentation in an emergency setting in adults.
- Educational interventions for asthma in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2002
Self-management education programs have been developed for children with asthma, but it is unclear whether such programs improve outcomes.
- Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Educational outreach visits (EOVs) have been identified as an intervention that may improve the practice of healthcare professionals. This type of face-to-face visit has been referred to as university-based educational detailing, academic detailing, and e
- Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults with obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2020
Although highly effective in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is not universally accepted by users. Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions may help people with OSA initiate and main
- Elective high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Pulmonary disease continues to be the major cause of mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Chronic lung disease (CLD) following mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is still a problem despite increased use of
- Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2015
Respiratory failure due to lung immaturity is a major cause of mortality in preterm infants. Although the use of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in neonates with respiratory failure saves lives, its use is associated with lung injury and
- Elective versus symptomatic intravenous antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2012
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the commonest micro-organism associated with respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis. Retrospective studies have suggested that using an aggressive policy of intravenous anti-pseudomonal antibiotics at regular intervals, irres
- Elemene for the treatment of lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Mar-2012
Elemene, isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Rhizoma Zedoariae and be used to treat patients with lung cancer in China. Until now, the effects have not been systematically reviewed.
- Emergency intubation for acutely ill and injured patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
Emergency intubation has been widely advocated as a life saving procedure in severe acute illness and injury associated with real or potential compromises to the patient's airway and ventilation. However, some initial data have suggested a lack of observe
- Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for community‐acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is caused by various pathogens, traditionally divided into 'typical' and 'atypical'. Initial antibiotic treatment of CAP is usually empirical, customarily covering both typical and atypical pathogens. To date, no suffici
- Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2021
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a devastating disease that leads to right heart failure and premature death. Endothelin receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
- Enteral tube feeding for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2019
Enteral tube feeding is routinely used in many cystic fibrosis centres when oral dietary and supplement intake has failed to achieve an adequate nutritional status. The use of this method of feeding is assessed on an individual basis taking into considera
- Epinephrine for bronchiolitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-May-2011
Bronchodilators are commonly used for acute bronchiolitis, despite uncertain effectiveness.
- Erythromycin for the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2008
Functional immaturity of gastrointestinal motility predisposes preterm infants to feeding intolerance. Erythromycin is a motilin agonist that exerts its prokinetic effect by stimulating propagative contractile activity in the interdigestive phase.
- Erythromycin for the prevention of chronic lung disease in intubated preterm infants at risk for, or colonized or infected with Ureaplasma urealyticum
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2008
Controversy exists over whether or not Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization or infection of the respiratory tract contributes to the severity of chronic lung disease (CLD), a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.
