Showing 2001-2020 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Cyclosporine A for induction of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2008
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a life-long chronic course with remissions and exacerbations. Approximately 15% of patients have a severe attack requiring hospitalization at some time during their illness. These patients are traditionally trea
- Cyclosporine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2008
Cyclosporine was first found to be an effective and well-tolerated immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant recipients, and subsequently in several autoimmune diseases. It was reported in open studies that cyclosporine is effective for induction of rem
- Cyclosporine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an activation of T lymphocyte and an increase in interleukine turnover. In RA, cyclosporine is known to be efficient as a Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Agent (DMARD), especially when o
- Cyproterone acetate for hirsutism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2003
Hirsutism is a distressing and relatively common endocrine problem in women which may prove difficult to manage. Cyproterone acetate, an anti-androgen, is frequently used to treat hirsutism, usually in combination with ethinyl estradiol.
- Cysteine, cystine or N‐acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Cysteine is a precursor of glutathione, an antioxidant that may reduce oxidation injury. The addition of cysteine to parenteral nutrition (PN) allows for the reduction of the amount of methionine in PN, thereby limiting hepatotoxicity and acidifies the so
- Cytidinediphosphocholine (CDP-choline) for cognitive and behavioural disturbances associated with chronic cerebral disorders in the elderly
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2008
CDP-choline (cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine) is a precursor essential for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, one of the cell membrane components that is degraded during cerebral ischaemia to free fatty acids and free radicals. Animal studies suggest that
- Cytology versus HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in the general population
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2017
Cervical cancer screening has traditionally been based on cervical cytology. Given the aetiological relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical carcinogenesis, HPV testing has been proposed as an alternative screening test.
- Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with antiviral agents for solid organ transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2008
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplantation. It is also associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections, allograft injury and higher transplantation costs. CMV infection also seems
- Cytoreductive surgery plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2010
Most women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer will ultimately develop recurrent disease after completion of initial treatment with primary surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Secondary cytoreductive surgery may have survival benefits in selected patie
- Daclizumab for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2013
Monoclonal antibodies such as daclizumab could be a possible alternative immunotherapy to interferon beta treatment in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). It blocks the interleukin-2 receptor alpha subunit (CD25), and seems to be beneficial to patients w
- Daikenchuto for reducing postoperative ileus in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2020
- Daily iron supplementation for improving anaemia, iron status and health in menstruating women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2016
Iron-deficiency anaemia is highly prevalent among non-pregnant women of reproductive age (menstruating women) worldwide, although the prevalence is highest in lower-income settings. Iron-deficiency anaemia has been associated with a range of adverse healt
- Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2015
Iron and folic acid supplementation has been the preferred intervention to improve iron stores and prevent anaemia among pregnant women, and it is thought to improve other maternal and birth outcomes.
- Daily sedation interruption versus no daily sedation interruption for critically ill adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2014
Daily sedation interruption (DSI) is thought to limit drug bioaccumulation, promote a more awake state, and thereby reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation. Available evidence has shown DSI to either reduce, not alter, or prolong the duration of mec
- Damage control surgery for abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
Trauma is one of the leading causes of death in any age group. The 'lethal triad' of acidosis, hypothermia, and coagulopathy has been recognized as a significant cause of death in patients with traumatic injuries. In order to prevent the lethal triad two
- Dan Shen agents for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Based mainly on experimental data that indicates improvement to the cerebral microcirculation, Dan Shen, a herbal medicine, is widely used in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in China.
- Danazol for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is an important cause of ill health in pre menopausal women. Medical therapy, with the avoidance of possibly unnecessary surgery is an attractive treatment option, but there is considerable variation in practice and uncertai
- Danazol for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue (stromal and glandular) outside the normal uterine cavity. Conventional medical and surgical treatments for endometriosis aim to remove or decrease the deposits of ectopic endometrium. The obs
- Danazol for unexplained subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
The synthetic androgen Danazol, was developed in the 1970's as a treatment for endometriosis. Its use was soon advocated in women with unexplained subfertility. Two randomised trials were subsequently conducted to assess the effectiveness of danazol in th
- Danazol for uterine fibroids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Uterine fibroids (myomas, fibromyomas, leiomyomas) are the most common benign tumours of the female genital tract. Danazol, a synthetic isoxazole derivative chemically related to 17-ethinyl testosterone, has been used for many years for the treatment of w
