Showing 2041-2060 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Elective birth at 37 weeks’ gestation for women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Feb-2014
The optimal timing of birth for women with an otherwise uncomplicated twin pregnancy at term is uncertain, with clinical support for both elective delivery at 37 weeks, as well as expectant management (awaiting the spontaneous onset of labour).
- Elective delivery in diabetic pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2009
In pregnancies complicated by diabetes the major concerns during the third trimester are fetal distress and the potential for birth trauma associated with fetal macrosomia.
- Elective high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Pulmonary disease continues to be the major cause of mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Chronic lung disease (CLD) following mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is still a problem despite increased use of
- Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2015
Respiratory failure due to lung immaturity is a major cause of mortality in preterm infants. Although the use of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in neonates with respiratory failure saves lives, its use is associated with lung injury and
- Elective preterm birth for fetal gastroschisis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-May-2013
Gastroschisis is an uncommon congenital defect of the anterior abdominal wall that results in herniation of intestinal loops outside the abdominal cavity. Babies with gastroschisis generally do well, but there remains a mortality rate of 5% to 10% and som
- Elective repeat caesarean section versus induction of labour for women with a previous caesarean birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2014
When a woman has had a previous caesarean birth and requires induction of labour in a subsequent pregnancy there are two options for her care, an elective repeat caesarean or planned induction of labour. While there are risks and benefits for both electiv
- Elective surgery for benign liver tumours
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2008
Benign liver tumours (haemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatic adenoma) have different prevalence and prognosis. Spontaneous rupture and malignant transformation can complicate hepatic adenoma. Elective surgery is controversial, and indications
- Elective versus symptomatic intravenous antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2015
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the commonest micro-organism associated with respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis. Retrospective studies have suggested that using an aggressive policy of intravenous anti-pseudomonal antibiotics at regular intervals, irres
- Electric fans for reducing adverse health impacts in heatwaves
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Heatwaves are hot weather events, which breach regional or national thresholds, that last for several days. They are likely to occur with increasing frequency in some parts of the world. The potential consequences were illustrated in Europe in August 2003
- Electrical cardioversion for atrial fibrillation and flutter
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2008
Atrial fibrillation increases stroke risk and adversely affects cardiovascular haemodynamics. Electrical cardioversion may, by restoring sinus rhythm, improve cardiovascular haemodynamics, reduce the risk of stroke, and obviate the need for long-term anti
- Electrical conductance for the detection of dental caries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2021
Caries is one of the most prevalent, preventable conditions worldwide. A wide variety of management options are available at different thresholds of disease, ranging from non-operative preventive strategies such as improved oral hygiene, reduced sugar die
- Electrical stimulation for faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Faecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. Electrical stimulation has been used with apparent success in the treatment of faecal incontinence. However, standards
- Electrical stimulation for preventing and treating post-stroke shoulder pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2008
Shoulder pain after stroke is common and disabling. The optimal management is uncertain, but electrical stimulation (ES) is often used to treat and prevent pain.
- Electrical stimulation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Electrical stimulation is one of several rehabilitation interventions suggested for the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to enhance muscle performance.
- Electrical stimulation with non‐implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2017
Several treatment options are available for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), drug therapy and surgery. Problems exist such as adherence to PFMT regimens, side effects linked to drug therapy and the risks as
- Electro-coagulation for liver metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Primary liver tumours and liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma are the two most common malignant tumours to affect the liver. The liver is second only to the lymph nodes as the most common site for metastatic disease. More than half of the patients
- Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2009
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) involves the induction of a seizure for therapeutic purposes by the administration of a variable frequency electrical stimulus shock via electrodes applied to the scalp. The effects of its use in people with schizophrenia a
- Electroconvulsive therapy for the depressed elderly
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2015
Depressive disorders are common in old age, with serious health consequences such as increased morbidity, disability, and mortality. The frailty of elderly people may seriously hamper the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy. Therefore, electroconvulsiv
- Electromagnetic field stimulation for treating delayed union or non-union of long bone fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2011
Delayed union and non-union of fractures are a considerable cause of morbidity to patients. Laboratory studies have shown that electromagnetic fields can stimulate the formation of new bone, indicating a potential role for electromagnetic stimulation in t
- Electromagnetic fields for treating osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2013
This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2002. Osteoarthritis is a disease that affects the synovial joints, causing degeneration and destruction of hyaline cartilage and subchondral bone. Electromagnetic field therapy is currently used b
