Showing 201-220 of 639 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for bleeding oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Emergency sclerotherapy is still widely used as a first line therapy for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis, particularly when banding ligation is not available or feasible. However, pharmacological treatment may stop bleeding in the majority of
- EMG biofeedback for the recovery of motor function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BFB) is a technique that is believed to have additional benefit when used with standard physiotherapy for the recovery of motor function in stroke patients. However, evidence from individual trials and previous systemati
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography with or without stenting in patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancy, prior to surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Postoperative morbidity and mortality are high in patients undergoing pancreatico-duodenectomy for malignant pancreatico-biliary stricture. Different approaches have been tried to improve the outcomes, including pre-surgical biliary stenting with endoscop
- Endothelin receptor antagonists for pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2021
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a devastating disease that leads to right heart failure and premature death. Endothelin receptor antagonists have shown efficacy in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
- Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping for people with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2018
Around 30% of people who are admitted to hospital with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) will rebleed in the initial month after the haemorrhage if the aneurysm is not treated. The two most commonly used methods to occlude the aneurysm for prevent
- Endovascular stents for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Endovascular stents have been suggested as a means to improve the patency of arteries after angioplasty in patients with intermittent claudication. This is an update of a Cochrane review published in 2002.
- Endovascular thrombectomy and intra‐arterial interventions for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2021
Most disabling strokes are due to a blockage of a large artery in the brain by a blood clot. Prompt removal of the clot with intra-arterial thrombolytic drugs or mechanical devices, or both, can restore blood flow before major brain damage has occurred, l
- Endovascular treatment for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2017
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) (pathological enlargement of the aorta) is a condition that can occur as a person ages. It is most commonly seen in men older than 65 years of age. Progressive aneurysm enlargement can lead to rupture and massive interna
- Endovascular versus conventional medical treatment for uncomplicated chronic type B aortic dissection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2012
Aortic dissection is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when a tear forms in the inner lining of the aorta. It has traditionally been treated by blood pressure control (medical treatment) or open surgery, both with high mortality rates.
- Enhanced external counterpulsation for chronic angina pectoris
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2010
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in developed and developing countries. Refractory stable angina pectoris is, in general, inadequately responsive to conventional medical therapy.
- Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2012
There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes affects younger people and needs treatment with insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes affects older people and can usually be treated by diet and oral drugs. Diabetic neuropathy affects 10% of patients with d
- Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid‐based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jan-2016
Epidural analgesia offers greater pain relief compared to systemic opioid-based medications, but its effect on morbidity and mortality is unclear. This review was originally published in 2006 and was updated in 2012 and again in 2016.
- Epinephrine for the resuscitation of apparently stillborn or extremely bradycardic newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
Epinephrine is a cardiac stimulant with complex effects on the heart and blood vessels. It has been used for decades in all age groups to treat cardiac arrest and bradycardia. Despite formal guidelines for the use of epinephrine in neonatal resuscitation,
- Erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents for anaemia in chronic heart failure patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Anaemia is a common (12-55%) co-morbid condition and is associated with worsening symptoms and increased mortality. Anaemia is treatable and can be targeted in the treatm
- Evening versus morning dosing regimen drug therapy for hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2011
Variation in blood pressure levels display circadian rhythms. The morning surge in blood pressure is known to increase the risk of myocardial events in the first several hours post awakening. A systematic review of the administration-time-related-effects
- Eversion versus conventional carotid endarterectomy for preventing stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is conventionally undertaken by a longitudinal arteriotomy. Eversion CEA, which employs a transverse arteriotomy and reimplantation of the carotid artery, is reported to be associated with low perioperative stroke and restenos
- Excitatory amino acid antagonists for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Focal cerebral ischaemia causes release of excitatory amino acid (EAA) neurotransmitters, principally glutamate, with resultant over-stimulation of EAA receptors and downstream pathways. Excess glutamate release is a pivotal event in the evolution of irre
- Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
A high incidence of functional decline (deterioration in physical or cognitive function) during hospitalisation of older adults is reported. The role of exercise in preventing these deconditioning effects is unclear.
- Exercise for diabetic pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Diabetes in pregnancy may result in unfavourable maternal and neonatal outcomes. Exercise was proposed as an additional strategy to improve glycaemic control. The effect of exercise during pregnancies complicated by diabetes needs to be assessed.
- Exercise for improving balance in older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Apr-2012
In older adults, diminished balance is associated with reduced physical functioning and an increased risk of falling. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.
