Showing 201-220 of 511 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Infectious disease 
- Flumazenil versus placebo or no intervention for people with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2017
Hepatic encephalopathy is a common complication of cirrhosis which results in poor brain functioning. The spectrum of changes associated with hepatic encephalopathy ranges from the clinically 'indiscernible' or minimal hepatic encephalopathy to the clinic
- Fluoroquinolones for treating tuberculosis (presumed drug‐sensitive)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jun-2013
Currently the World Health Organization only recommend fluoroquinolones for people with presumed drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) who cannot take standard first-line drugs. However, use of fluoroquinolones could shorten the length of treatment and improve
- Fluoroquinolones for treating typhoid and paratyphoid fever (enteric fever)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Nov-2011
Typhoid and paratyphoid are febrile illnesses, due to a bacterial infection, which remain common in many low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) currently recommends the fluoroquinolone antibiotics in areas with known resista
- Fully intermittent dosing with drugs for treating tuberculosis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
The number of people infected with tuberculosis continues to rise worldwide. Rifampicin-containing treatment regimens can achieve high cure rates. Intermittent drug treatment delivered in the community has the potential to improve adherence to treatment.
- Functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2006.
- Gauze and tape and transparent polyurethane dressings for central venous catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2016
Central venous catheters (CVCs) facilitate venous access, allowing the intravenous administration of complex drug treatments, blood products and nutritional support, without the trauma associated with repeated venepuncture. However, CVCs are associated wi
- Genital ulcer disease treatment for reducing sexual acquisition of HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jul-2012
Genital ulcer disease by virtue of disruption of the mucosal surfaces may enhance HIV acquisition. Genital ulcer disease treatment with resolution of the ulcers may therefore contribute in reducing the sexual acquisition of HIV.
- Glucocorticoids for croup in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2023
Glucocorticoids are the mainstay for the treatment of croup. The existing evidence demonstrates that glucocorticoids are effective in the treatment of croup in children. However, updating the evidence on their clinical relevance in croup is imperative. Th
- Glucocorticosteroids for primary sclerosing cholangitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic disease of intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary ducts, characterised by chronic periductal inflammation and sclerosis of the ducts, which results in segmental stenoses of bile ducts, cholestasis, fi
- Glucocorticosteroids for viral hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2004
Hepatitis C virus may cause liver inflammation and fibrosis. It is not known whether glucocorticosteroids are beneficial or harmful for patients with hepatitis C infection.
- Gowning by attendants and visitors in newborn nurseries for prevention of neonatal morbidity and mortality
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2003
Overgowns are widely used in newborn nurseries and neonatal intensive care units. It is thought that gowns may help to prevent the spread of nosocomial infection and serve as a reminder to staff and visitors to wash their hands before contact with the inf
- Granulocyte‐Colony Stimulating Factor (G‐CSF) as an adjunct to antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a naturally-occurring cytokine that has been shown to increase neutrophil function and number. Exogenous administration of recombinant G-CSF (filgrastim, pegfilgrastim or lenograstim) has found extensive us
- Hand‐washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jan-2021
Diarrhoea accounts for 1.8 million deaths in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One of the identified strategies to prevent diarrhoea is hand washing.
- Heated, humidified air for the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2017
Heated, humidified air has long been used by people with the common cold. The theoretical basis is that steam may help congested mucus drain better and that heat may destroy the cold virus as it does in vitro. This is an update of a review last published
- Helicobacter pylori eradication for Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2011
Levodopa is the mainstay of treatment for alleviating the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease. However, patients often experience fluctuations in their symptoms over time and 'wearing off' which may be partly related to variable absorption
- Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy vs. antisecretory non-eradication therapy (with or without long-term maintenance antisecretory therapy) for the prevention of recurrent bleeding from peptic ulcer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Peptic ulcer is the main cause for upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, and Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) infection is the main etiologic factor for peptic ulcer disease. Maintenance antisecretory therapy is the standard long-term treatment for patients w
- Heparin for prolonging peripheral intravenous catheter use in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Mechanical or infectious complications often necessitate their removal and/or replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters. Heparin has been shown to be effective in prolonging the patency of peripheral arterial catheters and central venous catheters,
- Hepatitis A immunisation in persons not previously exposed to hepatitis A
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2019
In many parts of the world, hepatitis A infection represents a significant cause of morbidity and socio-economic loss. Whilst hepatitis A vaccines have the potential to prevent disease, the degree of protection afforded against clinical outcomes and with
- Hepatitis B immunisation for newborn infants of hepatitis B surface antigen‐positive mothers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin are considered for newborn infants of HBsAg-positive mothers to prevent hepatitis B infection.
- Hepatitis B vaccination for patients with chronic renal failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Chronic renal failure patients are at particular risk of hepatitis B virus infection. Early studies have demonstrated that renal failure patients benefit from vaccination; however, not all studies have consistently shown benefit.
