Showing 201-220 of 280 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Trauma and injuries 
- Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2021
Hair has traditionally been removed from the surgical site before surgery; however, some studies claim that this increases surgical site infections (SSIs) and should be avoided. This is the second update of a review published in 2006 and first updated in
- Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Surgical site infection rates in the month following clean surgery vary from 0.6% (knee prosthesis) to 5% (limb amputation). Due to the large number of clean surgical procedures conducted annually the costs of these surgical site infections (SSIs) can be
- Pre-operative traction for hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2011
Following a hip fracture, traction may be applied to the injured limb before surgery. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 1997, and previously updated in 2006.
- Prescription of prosthetic ankle‐foot mechanisms after lower limb amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
A prosthesis can be divided into several components: the prosthetic socket; the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism; and for higher levels of amputation, the prosthetic knee. This review focuses on the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism, which forms an important
- Prevention of NSAID‐induced gastroduodenal ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2002
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are important agents in the management of arthritic and inflammatory conditions, and are among the most frequently prescribed medications in North America and Europe. However, there is overwhelming evidence l
- Primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds within 24 hours post injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2013
Acute traumatic wounds are one of the common reasons why people present to the emergency department. Primary closure has traditionally been reserved for traumatic wounds presenting within six hours of injury and considered 'clean' by the attending surgeon
- Primary repair for penetrating colon injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Primary repair of penetrating colon injuries is an appealing management option. However, uncertainty about its safety persists.
- Probiotics in infants for prevention of allergic disease and food hypersensitivity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
The composition of the intestinal microflora may be different in individuals with atopic eczema from those without this condition, and such differences may precede the development of eczema. Probiotics are live bacteria that colonize the gastrointestinal
- Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2016
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, and the identification of effective, inexpensive and widely practicable treatments for brain injury is of great public health importance worldwide. Progesterone is a naturally produc
- Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2019
Surgery has been used as part of breast cancer treatment for centuries; however any surgical procedure has the potential risk of infection. Infection rates for surgical treatment of breast cancer are documented at between 3% and 15%, higher than average f
- Prosthetic rehabilitation for older dysvascular people following a unilateral transfemoral amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2018
Dysvascularity accounts for 75% of all lower limb amputations in the UK. Around 37% of these procedures are done at the transfemoral level (mid-thigh), with most patients over the age of 60 and having existing comorbidities. A significant number of these
- Psychological treatment for anxiety in people with traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Psychological treatments are commonly used in the management of anxiety. Certain types of psychological treatments are well suited to needs of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI). We have systematically reviewed studies examining the effectiveness of
- Psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for deliberate self harm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2015
Deliberate self-harm is a major health problem associated with considerable risk of subsequent self-harm, including completed suicide.
- Psychosocial interventions for the prevention of disability following traumatic physical injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Traumatic physical injury can result in many disabling sequelae including physical and mental health problems and impaired social functioning.
- Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl
- Recompression and adjunctive therapy for decompression illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
Decompression illness (DCI) is due to bubble formation in the blood or tissues following the breathing of compressed gas. Clinically, DCI may range from a trivial illness to loss of consciousness, death or paralysis. Recompression is the universally accep
- Red‐light cameras for the prevention of road traffic crashes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Road crashes are a prime cause of death and disability and red-light running is a common cause of crashes at signalised intersections. Red-light cameras are increasingly used to promote compliance with traffic signals. Manual enforcement methods are resou
- Rehabilitation for distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2015
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem, particularly in older people with osteoporosis. There is considerable variation in the management, including rehabilitation, of these fractures. This is an update of a Cochrane review first publi
- Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2014
Surgical wound infections may be caused by the transfer of bacteria from the hands of surgical teams to patients during operations. Surgical scrubbing prior to surgery reduces the number of bacteria on the skin, but wearing rings and nail polish on the fi
- Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Internal fixation, commonly used for extracapsular hip fractures, may fail particularly in unstable fractures. Replacement of the hip using arthroplasty, often used for intracapsular fractures, has been used as an alternative.
