Showing 201-220 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Adverse side effects of dexamethasone in surgical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Nov-2018
In the perioperative period, dexamethasone is widely and effectively used for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), for pain management, and to facilitate early discharge after ambulatory surgery.
- Advice on low-fat diets for obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Overweight and obesity are global health problems contributing to an ever increasing noncommunicable disease burden. Calorie restriction can achieve short-term weight loss but the weight loss has not been shown to be sustainable in the long-term. An alter
- Advice to reduce dietary salt for prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Restricting sodium intake in hypertensive patients over short periods of time reduces blood pressure. Long term effects (on mortality, morbidity or blood pressure) of advice to reduce salt in patients with elevated or normal blood pressure are unclear.
- Advice to rest in bed versus advice to stay active for acute low-back pain and sciatica
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
Acute low-back pain (LBP) is a common reason to consult a general practitioner. Debate continues on the comparative effectiveness of advice on bed rest and staying active as part of the primary care management.
- Advice to stay active as a single treatment for low-back pain and sciatica
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
Low back pain is one of the most common conditions managed in primary care. Restricted activity, rest, and symptomatic analgesics are the most commonly prescribed treatment for low back pain and sciatica.
- Advising patients to increase fluid intake for treating acute respiratory infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2011
Acute respiratory infection is a common reason for people to present for medical care. Advice to increase fluid intake is a frequent treatment recommendation. Attributed benefits of fluids include replacing increased insensible fluid losses, correcting de
- Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well‐being of women who experience intimate partner abuse
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2015
Intimate partner abuse is common worldwide, damaging the short- and long-term physical, mental, and emotional health of survivors and children. Advocacy may contribute to reducing abuse, empowering women to improve their situation by providing informal co
- Aerobic exercise for women during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Physiological responses of the fetus (especially increase in heart rate) to single, brief bouts of maternal exercise have been documented frequently. Many pregnant women wish to engage in aerobic exercise during pregnancy, but are concerned about possible
- Aerobic exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2010
Access to combination antiretroviral therapy has turned HIV into a chronic and manageable disease for many. This increased chronicity has been mirrored by increased prevalence of health-related challenges experienced by people living with HIV (Rusch 2004)
- Aerobic exercise to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2015
There is increasing evidence that physical activity supports healthy ageing. Exercise is helpful for cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems, among others. Aerobic activity, in particular, improves cardiovascular fitness and, based on rece
- Aerobic exercise training for adults with fibromyalgia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jun-2017
Exercise training is commonly recommended for individuals with fibromyalgia. This review is one of a series of reviews about exercise training for people with fibromyalgia that will replace the "Exercise for treating fibromyalgia syndrome" review first pu
- Aerobic exercise training programmes for improving physical and psychosocial health in adults with Down syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2010
Although physical fitness has been suggested to improve physical and psychosocial health for a variety of population profiles, there is a lack of information about the safety and effectiveness of aerobic exercise for adults with Down syndrome.
- Aerobic physical exercise for adult patients with haematological malignancies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2019
Although people with haematological malignancies have to endure long phases of therapy and immobility, which is known to diminish their physical performance level, the advice to rest and avoid intensive exercises is still common practice. This recommendat
- Aerosolized diuretics for preterm infants with (or developing) chronic lung disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Lung disease in preterm infants is often complicated with lung edema.
- Aerosolized prostacyclins for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2017
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical condition that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Aerosolized prostacyclin has been used to improve oxygenation despite the limited evidence available so far.
- Aflibercept for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2016
Central vision loss caused by age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in developed countries. Neovascular AMD is characterized by choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Growth of new blood vessels in patient
- Agents for ovarian stimulation for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in ovulatory women with infertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2021
Intrauterine insemination (IUI), combined with ovarian stimulation (OS), has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for infertile couples. Several agents for ovarian stimulation, combined with IUI, have been proposed, but it is still not clear whi
- Agomelatine versus other antidepressive agents for major depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2013
Major depressive disorder (MDD), or depression, is a syndrome characterised by a number of behavioural, cognitive and emotional features. It is most commonly associated with a sad or depressed mood, a reduced capacity to feel pleasure, feelings of hopeles
- Agricultural and nutritional education interventions for reducing aflatoxin exposure to improve infant and child growth in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2020
Aflatoxins are carcinogenic mycotoxins that contaminate many food crops. Maize and groundnuts are prone to aflatoxin contamination, and are the major sources of human exposure to aflatoxins, due to their high intake as staple foods, particularly in low- a
- Air versus oxygen for resuscitation of infants at birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
100% oxygen is the commonly recommended gas for the resuscitation of infants at birth. There is growing evidence from both animal and human studies that room air is as effective as 100% oxygen and that 100% oxygen may have adverse effects on breathing phy
