Showing 221-240 of 387 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gynecologic 
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery for cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
A previous systematic review found that giving neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery improved survival compared with radiotherapy. However, the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery versus surgery alone is still unclear.
- Non-hormonal interventions for hot flushes in women with a history of breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2010
Hot flushes are common in women with a history of breast cancer. Hormonal therapies are known to reduce these symptoms but are not recommended in women with a history of breast cancer due to their potential adverse effects. The efficacy of non-hormonal th
- Nonlatex versus latex male condoms for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
The male condom, which consists of a thin sheath placed over the glans and shaft of the penis, is designed to prevent pregnancy by providing a physical barrier against the deposition of semen into the vagina during intercourse. Beginning in the 1990s, non
- Nonoxynol-9 for preventing vaginal acquisition of sexually transmitted infections by women from men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2011
The incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and other reproductive tract infections (RTI) is high in much of the developing and parts of the developed worlds. STIs and RTIs are associated with the vaginal transmission of HIV. Add
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2015
Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynaecological problem consisting of painful cramps accompanying menstruation, which in the absence of any underlying abnormality is known as primary dysmenorrhoea. Research has shown that women with dysmenorrhoea have high level
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for heavy bleeding or pain associated with intrauterine-device use
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2011
Heavy bleeding and pain are the most common reasons why women discontinue intrauterine devices (IUDs). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, have been shown to be effective in reducing menstrual bleeding and pain in
- Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Sep-2019
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is an important cause of ill health in premenopausal women. Although surgery is often used as a treatment, a range of medical therapies are also available. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce prostaglandin
- Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for pain in women with endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2017
Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition that affects women and can lead to painful symptoms and infertility. It greatly affects women's quality of life, impacting their careers, everyday activities, sexual and nonsexual relationships and fertil
- Non‐surgical interventions for late radiation cystitis in patients who have received radical radiotherapy to the pelvis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
Chronic radiation cystitis occurs a minimum of three months after completion of pelvic radiotherapy and represents a range of clinical symptoms for which there is as yet no recommended standard management.
- Number of embryos for transfer following in vitro fertilisation or intra‐cytoplasmic sperm injection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Aug-2020
Transfer of more than one embryo during in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) increases multiple pregnancy rates resulting in an increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity. Elective single embryo transfer offers a
- Oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy for peri‐menopausal and post‐menopausal women: weight and body fat distribution
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-1999
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly prescribed to treat menopausal symptoms and to prevent post-menopausal bone loss. However, many women are concerned about hormonal replacement therapy because they believe that such treatment will result in we
- Oestrogen supplementation, mainly diethylstilbestrol, for preventing miscarriages and other adverse pregnancy outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Laboratory evidence in the 1940s demonstrated a positive role of placental hormones in the continuation of pregnancy. It was suggested that diethylstilbestrol was the oestrogen of choice for prevention of miscarriages. Observational studies were carried o
- Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) is defined as three episodes of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the previous 12 months or two episodes in the last six months. The main factors associated with RUTI in postmenopausal women are vesical prolapse, cy
- Oestrogens for treatment or prevention of pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2010
Pelvic organ prolapse is common and can be detected in up to 50% of parous women although many are asymptomatic. Oestrogen preparations are used to improve vaginal thinning (atrophy). It is possible that oestrogens, alone or in conjunction with other inte
- Oil-soluble versus water-soluble media for assessing tubal patency with hysterosalpingography or laparoscopy in subfertile women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
There has been debate in the literature for more than 40 years as to whether flushing of the Fallopian tubes enhances fertility and whether this presumed therapeutic effect is greater with oil-soluble media than with water-soluble media.
- Optimal primary surgical treatment for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer among women. In addition to diagnosis and staging, primary surgery is performed to achieve optimal cytoreduction (surgical efforts aimed at removing the bulk of the tumour) as the amount of residual tumour is
- Oral contraceptive pill for primary dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstrual cramps) is common. Combined OCPs are recommended in the management of primary dysmenorrhoea.
- Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or oestrogen pretreatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2017
Among subfertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), hormone pills given before ovarian stimulation may improve outcomes.
- Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common problem. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome. Combined oral contraceptives, which provide both progestin and estrogen, have been examined for their ability to relieve pre
- Oral contraceptives for functional ovarian cysts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Apr-2014
Functional ovarian cysts are a common gynecological problem among women of reproductive age worldwide. When large, persistent, or painful, these cysts may require operations, sometimes resulting in removal of the ovary. Since early oral contraceptives wer
