Showing 2381-2400 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Early postnatal discharge from hospital for healthy mothers and term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2021
Length of postnatal hospital stay has declined dramatically in the past 50 years. There is ongoing controversy about whether staying less time in hospital is harmful or beneficial. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2002, and previo
- Early psychological interventions to treat acute traumatic stress symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2011
The amelioration of psychological distress following traumatic events is a major concern. Systematic reviews suggest that interventions targeted at all of those exposed to such events are not effective at preventing post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
- Early referral to specialist nephrology services for preventing the progression to end-stage kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2014
Early referral of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is believed to help with interventions to address risk factors to slow down the rate of progression of kidney failure to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and the need for dialysis, hospitalisatio
- Early removal versus expectant management of central venous catheters in neonates with bloodstream infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2016
Uncertainty exists regarding the management of newborn infants with a bloodstream infection and a central venous catheter in place. The central venous catheter may act as a nidus for infecting organisms and observational studies have suggested that early
- Early routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography strategy versus early conservative management strategy in acute gallstone pancreatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2012
The role and timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in acute gallstone pancreatitis remains controversial. A number of clinical trials and meta-analyses have provided conflicting evidence.
- Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2016
Mother-infant separation post birth is common. In standard hospital care, newborn infants are held wrapped or dressed in their mother’s arms, placed in open cribs or under radiant warmers. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) begins ideally at birth and should last
- Early spontaneous breathing for acute respiratory distress syndrome in individuals with COVID‐19
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jun-2022
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) represents the most severe course of COVID-19 (caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus), usually resulting in a prolonged stay in an intensive care unit (ICU) and high mortality rates. Despite the fact that most affected
- Early supported discharge services for people with acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jul-2017
People with stroke conventionally receive a substantial part of their rehabilitation in hospital. Services have now been developed that offer people in hospital an early discharge with rehabilitation at home (early supported discharge: ESD).
- Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Both prophylactic and early surfactant replacement therapy reduce mortality and pulmonary complications in ventilated infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with later selective surfactant administration. However, continued post-surfact
- Early treatment versus expectant management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2020
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to prevent or treat a PDA. There are concerns regarding adverse effects of NSAIDs in preterm i
- Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
The introduction of enteral feeds for very preterm (< 32 weeks) or very low birth weight (< 1500 grams) infants is often delayed due to concern that early introduction may not be tolerated and may increase the risk of necrotising enterocolitis. However, p
- Early use of inhaled corticosteroids in the emergency department treatment of acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Systemic corticosteroid therapy is central to the management of acute asthma. The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) may also be beneficial in this setting.
- Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2019
Standard androgen suppression therapy (AST) using surgical or medical castration is considered a mainstay of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treatment. AST can be initiated early when disease is asymptomatic or deferred when patients suffer sym
- Early versus deferred treatment for early stage multiple myeloma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Early stage multiple myeloma (MM) represents about 20% of MM. Most of the patients are asymptomatic. Thus, it is far less dramatic than advanced disease and may require different treatment strategies. For these patients, it is not clear whether it is bett
- Early versus delayed antiretroviral treatment in HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2018
There remains uncertainty about the optimum timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-positive people with cryptococcal meningitis. This uncertainty is the result of conflicting data on the mortality risk and occurrence of immune reconstitu
- Early versus delayed appendicectomy for appendiceal phlegmon or abscess
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2017
Appendiceal phlegmon and abscess account for 2% to 10% of acute appendicitis. People with appendiceal phlegmon or abscess usually need an appendicectomy to relieve their symptoms and avoid complications. The timing of appendicectomy for appendiceal phlegm
- Early versus delayed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2020
The application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to have some benefits in the treatment of preterm infants with respiratory distress. CPAP has the potential to reduce lung damage, particularly if applied early before atelectasi
- Early versus delayed dressing removal after primary closure of clean and clean‐contaminated surgical wounds
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2015
Most surgical procedures involve a cut in the skin that allows the surgeon to gain access to the deeper tissues or organs. Most surgical wounds are closed fully at the end of the procedure (primary closure). The surgeon covers the closed surgical wound wi
- Early versus delayed enteral nutrition support for burn injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2008
A burn injury increases the body's metabolic demands, and therefore nutritional requirements. Provision of an adequate supply of nutrients is believed to lower the incidence of metabolic abnormalities, thus reducing septic morbidity, improving survival ra
- Early versus delayed erythropoietin for the anaemia of end‐stage kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
Anaemia is a common complication in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and mainly develops as a consequence of relative erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency. Anaemia develops early in the course of disease and peaks among people with end-stage kidney dis
