Showing 2441-2460 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Effects of sevoflurane versus other general anaesthesia on emergence agitation in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2014
Sevoflurane is an inhaled volatile anaesthetic that is widely used in paediatric anaesthetic practice. Since its introduction, postoperative behavioural disturbance known as emergence agitation (EA) or emergence delirium (ED) has been recognized as a prob
- Effects of targeting lower versus higher arterial oxygen saturations on death or disability in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2017
The use of supplemental oxygen in the care of extremely preterm infants has been common practice since the 1940s. Despite this, there is little agreement regarding which oxygen saturation (SpO2) ranges to target to maximise short- or long-term growth and
- Effects of total fat intake on body fatness in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jun-2020
The ideal proportion of energy from fat in our food and its relation to body weight is not clear. In order to prevent overweight and obesity in the general population, we need to understand the relationship between the proportion of energy from fat and re
- Effects of total fat intake on body weight
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Aug-2016
In order to prevent overweight and obesity in the general population we need to understand the relationship between the proportion of energy from fat and resulting weight and body fatness in the general population.
- Effects of total fat intake on bodyweight in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2018
As part of efforts to prevent childhood overweight and obesity, we need to understand the relationship between total fat intake and body fatness in generally healthy children.
- Efficacy and experiences of telephone counselling for informal carers of people with dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2014
Informal carers of people with dementia can suffer from depressive symptoms, emotional distress and other physiological, social and financial consequences.
- Efficacy and safety of ablation for people with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Nov-2016
The optimal rhythm management strategy for people with non-paroxysmal (persistent or long-standing persistent) atrial fibrilation is currently not well defined. Antiarrhythmic drugs have been the mainstay of therapy. But recently, in people who have not r
- Efficacy and safety of cesarean delivery for prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV‐1
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Cesarean section before labor and before ruptured membranes ("elective cesarean section", or ECS) has been introduced as an intervention for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. The role of mode of delivery in the management of
- Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2011
Alcohol abuse and dependence represents a very serious health problem worldwide with major social, interpersonal and legal interpolations. Pharmacological treatments presently used are of uncertain effectiveness and there is even more doubt on the compara
- Efficacy and safety of rapid tests to guide antibiotic prescriptions for sore throat
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2020
Sore throat is a common condition caused by viruses or bacteria, and is a leading cause of antibiotic prescription in primary care. The most common bacterial species is group A streptococcus (’strep throat’). Between 50% to 70% of pharyngitis cases are tr
- Efficacy and safety of sugammadex versus neostigmine in reversing neuromuscular blockade in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2017
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine, have traditionally been used for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. However, these drugs have significant limitations, such as indirect mechanisms of reversal, limited and unpr
- Efficacy of psychostimulant drugs for amphetamine abuse or dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2013
Amphetamine dependence is a public health problem with medical, psychiatric, cognitive, legal and socioeconomic consequences. To date, no pharmacological treatment has been approved for this disorder, and psychotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment. I
- E‐Health interventions for anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with long‐term physical conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2018
Long-term physical conditions affect 10% to 12% of children and adolescents worldwide; these individuals are at greater risk of developing psychological problems, particularly anxiety and depression. Access to face-to-face treatment for such problems is o
- eHealth interventions for people with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2019
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with high morbidity and death, which increases as CKD progresses to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). There has been increasing interest in developing innovative, effective and cost-efficient methods to engage wit
- Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, an omega‐3 fatty acid from fish oils) for the treatment of cancer cachexia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Cancer cachexia is a distressing weight loss syndrome commonly seen in advanced cancer patients. It is associated with reduced quality of life and shorter survival time. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid found naturall
- E‐learning for health professionals
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2018
The use of e-learning, defined as any educational intervention mediated electronically via the Internet, has steadily increased among health professionals worldwide. Several studies have attempted to measure the effects of e-learning in medical practice,
- Elective birth at 37 weeks’ gestation for women with an uncomplicated twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Feb-2014
The optimal timing of birth for women with an otherwise uncomplicated twin pregnancy at term is uncertain, with clinical support for both elective delivery at 37 weeks, as well as expectant management (awaiting the spontaneous onset of labour).
- Elective delivery in diabetic pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2001
In pregnancies complicated by diabetes the major concerns during the third trimester are fetal distress and the potential for birth trauma associated with fetal macrosomia.
- Elective high frequency jet ventilation versus conventional ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Pulmonary disease continues to be the major cause of mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Chronic lung disease (CLD) following mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is still a problem despite increased use of
- Elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation versus conventional ventilation for acute pulmonary dysfunction in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2015
Respiratory failure due to lung immaturity is a major cause of mortality in preterm infants. Although the use of intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in neonates with respiratory failure saves lives, its use is associated with lung injury and
