Showing 2501-2520 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Emergency interventions for hyperkalaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Hyperkalaemia occurs in outpatients and in between 1% and 10% of hospitalised patients. When severe, consequences include arrhythmia and death.
- Emergency intubation for acutely ill and injured patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
Emergency intubation has been widely advocated as a life saving procedure in severe acute illness and injury associated with real or potential compromises to the patient's airway and ventilation. However, some initial data have suggested a lack of observe
- Emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for bleeding oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Emergency sclerotherapy is still widely used as a first line therapy for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis, particularly when banding ligation is not available or feasible. However, pharmacological treatment may stop bleeding in the majority of
- Emergency ultrasound‐based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2015
Ultrasonography (performed by means of a four-quadrant, focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST)) is regarded as a key instrument for the initial assessment of patients with suspected blunt abdominal and thoraco-abdominal trauma in the emergency
- EMG biofeedback for the recovery of motor function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2008
Electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BFB) is a technique that is believed to have additional benefit when used with standard physiotherapy for the recovery of motor function in stroke patients. However, evidence from individual trials and previous systemati
- EMLA and Amethocaine for reduction of children's pain associated with needle insertion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2019
Children often experience pain from needle insertion procedures; therefore, several topical anaesthetics have been developed.
- Emollients and moisturisers for eczema
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2017
Eczema is a chronic skin disease characterised by dry skin, intense itching, inflammatory skin lesions, and has a considerable impact on quality of life. Moisturisation is an integral part of treatment, but it is unclear if moisturisers are effective.
- Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for community‐acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is caused by various pathogens, traditionally divided into 'typical' and 'atypical'. Initial antibiotic treatment of CAP is usually empirical, customarily covering both typical and atypical pathogens. To date, no suffici
- Empirical antibiotics targeting gram‐positive bacteria for the treatment of febrile neutropenic patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2017
The pattern of infections among neutropenic patients with cancer has shifted in the last decades to a predominance of gram-positive infections. Some of these gram-positive bacteria are increasingly resistant to beta-lactams and necessitate specific antibi
- Enamel etching for bonding fixed orthodontic braces
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
Acid etching of tooth surfaces to promote the bonding of orthodontic attachments to the enamel has been a routine procedure in orthodontic treatment since the 1960s. Various types of orthodontic etchants and etching techniques have been introduced in the
- Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and r
- Endodontic procedures for retreatment of periapical lesions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2016
When primary root canal therapy fails, periapical lesions can be retreated with or without surgery. Root canal retreatment is a non-surgical procedure that involves removal of root canal filling materials from the tooth, followed by cleaning, shaping and
- End‐of‐life care pathways for improving outcomes in caring for the dying
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2016
This is an updated version of a Cochrane review published in Issue 11, 2013 in the Cochrane Library. In many clinical areas, integrated care pathways are utilised as structured multidisciplinary care plans that detail essential steps in caring for patient
- Endoluminal interventions versus surgical interventions for stenosis in vein grafts following infrainguinal bypass
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2021
Bypass surgery using a large saphenous vein graft, or another autologous venous graft, is a well-recognised treatment option for managing peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb, including chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) and intermittent c
- Endometrial biomarkers for the non‐invasive diagnosis of endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2016
About 10% of reproductive-aged women suffer from endometriosis, which is a costly, chronic disease that causes pelvic pain and subfertility. Laparoscopy is the gold standard diagnostic test for endometriosis, but it is expensive and carries surgical risks
- Endometrial injection of embryo culture supernatant for subfertile women in assisted reproduction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2020
Despite substantial improvements in the success of assisted reproduction techniques (ART), live birth rates may remain consistently low, and practitioners may look for innovative treatments to improve the outcomes. The injection of embryo culture supernat
- Endometrial injury for pregnancy following sexual intercourse or intrauterine insemination
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2021
Intentional endometrial injury is being proposed as a technique to improve the probability of pregnancy in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Endometrial injury is often performed by pipelle bio
- Endometrial injury in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2021
Implantation of an embryo within the endometrial cavity is a critical step in the process of in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Previous research has suggested that endometrial injury (also known as endometrial scratching), defined as intentional damage to the
- Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer with frozen embryos or embryos derived from donor oocytes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2020
A frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle is when one or more embryos (frozen during a previous treatment cycle) are thawed and transferred to the uterus. Some women undergo fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles with embryos derived from donated oocytes. In both s
- Endometrial resection and ablation techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2019
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a significant health problem in premenopausal women; it can reduce their quality of life and can cause social disruption and physical problems such as iron deficiency anaemia. First-line treatment has traditionally consis
