Showing 241-260 of 371 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Oncology 
- Ovarian ablation for early breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2008
Among women with early breast cancer, the effects of ovarian ablation on recurrence and death have been assessed by several randomised trials that now have long follow-up.
- Palliation of metastatic bone pain: single fraction versus multifraction radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2011
Recent randomised studies reported that single fraction radiotherapy was as effective as multifraction radiotherapy in relieving pain due to bone metastasis. However, there are concerns about the higher retreatment rates and the efficacy of preventing fut
- Palliative biliary stents for obstructing pancreatic carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Palliative endoscopic stents or surgical by-pass are often required for inoperable pancreatic carcinoma to relieve obstruction of the distal biliary tree. The optimal method of intervention remains unknown.
- Palliative chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2000
Despite the increasing use of palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, there remains uncertainty as to the true effectiveness of this intervention. This review was therefore undertaken to assess the available evidence for the benefit of pal
- Palliative endobronchial brachytherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2012
This is an updated version of the original review published in Issue 2, 2008 of The Cochrane Library. Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) constitute about 80% of all lung cancer cases. Although surgery is the only curative treatment of NSCLC, fewer than 2
- Palliative radiotherapy regimens for patients with thoracic symptoms from non‐small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2015
Palliative radiotherapy to the chest is often used in patients with lung cancer, but radiotherapy regimens are more often based on tradition than research results. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2001 and previously updated in 20
- Palliative surgery versus medical management for bowel obstruction in ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer among women and is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Bowel obstruction is a common feature of advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients with bowel obstruction are generally in poor physical conditi
- Parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review on parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy (published in Issue 3, 2007). Salivary gland dysfunction is a predictable side effect of radiothera
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Pemetrexed disodium in combination with cisplatin versus other cytotoxic agents or supportive care for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive malignancy whose incidence is expected to increase in the United Kingdom, Western Europe, and Australia over the next 20 years as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos fibres. Surgery is
- Percutaneous ethanol injection or percutaneous acetic acid injection for early hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common global cancer. When HCC is diagnosed early, interventions such as percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), percutaneous acetic acid injection (PAI), or radiofrequency (thermal) ablation (RF(T)A) may hav
- Perioperative blood transfusions and recurrence of colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2011
The improvement of renal allograft survival by pre-transplantation transfusions alerted to the potential detrimental effect of transfusions in cancer treatment.
- Perioperative enhanced recovery programmes for gynaecological cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Mar-2015
Gynaecological malignancies contribute to 10% to 15% of cancers in women internationally. In recent years, a trend towards new perioperative care strategies has been documented as 'Fast Track (FT) surgery', or 'Enhanced Recovery Programmes' to replace som
- Personalised risk communication for informed decision making about taking screening tests
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2013
There is a trend towards greater patient involvement in healthcare decisions. Although screening is usually perceived as good for the health of the population, there are risks associated with the tests involved. Achieving both adequate involvement of cons
- Pharmacological treatment of depression in people with a primary brain tumour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2020
This is the second updated version of the Cochrane Review published in Issue 3, 2010 and first updated in Issue 5, 2013.
- Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2015
This review updates the original review, 'Pharmacological treatments for fatigue associated with palliative care' and also incorporates the review 'Drug therapy for the management of cancer-related fatigue'.
- Platinum‐containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2017
Studies have reported high tumour response rates for platinum-containing regimens in the treatment of women with metastatic breast cancer. Most of these studies were conducted prior to the 'intrinsic subtype' era, and did not specifically focus on metasta
- Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2013
Approximately half of all patients with metastatic cancer develop a malignant pleural effusion which is likely to lead to a significant reduction in quality of life secondary to symptoms such as dyspnoea and cough. The aim of pleurodesis in these patients
- Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer and seventh most common cause of cancer death in women world-wide. Three-quarters of women present when the disease has spread throughout the abdomen (stage III or IV) and treatment consists of a combination
- Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer operated for cure.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the Western world. Apart from surgery - which remains the mainstay of treatment for resectable primary tumours - postoperative (i.e., adjuvant) chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) based re
