Showing 261-280 of 389 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gynecologic 
- Perioperative enhanced recovery programmes for women with gynaecological cancers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2022
Gynaecological cancers account for 15% of newly diagnosed cancer cases in women worldwide. In recent years, increasing evidence demonstrates that traditional approaches in perioperative care practice may be unnecessary or even harmful. The enhanced recove
- Pessaries (mechanical devices) for pelvic organ prolapse in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2013
Pelvic organ prolapse is common, with some degree of prolapse seen in up to 50% of parous women in a clinic setting, although many are asymptomatic. The use of pessaries (a passive mechanical device designed to support the vagina) to treat prolapse is ver
- Physical activity programs for promoting bone mineralization and growth in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2014
Lack of physical stimulation may contribute to metabolic bone disease of preterm infants, resulting in poor bone mineralization and growth. Physical activity programs combined with adequate nutrition might help to promote bone mineralization and growth.
- Physical therapies for prevention of urinary and faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2009
Physical therapies, particularly pelvic floor muscle training, have been recommended for prevention of incontinence associated with childbearing, and prostate surgery.
- Phytoestrogens for menopausal vasomotor symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2013
Vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flushes and night sweats, are very common during the menopausal transition. Hormone therapy has traditionally been used as a highly effective treatment, but concerns about increased risk of some chronic diseases have marked
- Platinum containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Studies have reported high tumour response rates for platinum-containing regimens in the treatment of women with metastatic breast cancer.
- Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Apr-2015
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer and seventh most common cause of cancer death in women world-wide. Three-quarters of women present when the disease has spread throughout the abdomen (stage III or IV) and treatment consists of a combination
- Population-based biomedical sexually transmitted infection control interventions for reducing HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2011
The transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is closely related to the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Similar risk behaviours, such as frequent unprotected intercourse with different partners, place people at high
- Post-embryo transfer interventions for assisted reproduction technology cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2014
In women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryos transferred into the uterine cavity can be expelled due to many factors including uterine peristalsis and contractions, low site of deposition and negati
- Postoperative procedures for improving fertility following pelvic reproductive surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2009
Hydrotubation with oil-soluble contrast media for unexplained infertility and adhesiolysis for infertility due to peritubal adhesions are primary procedures that are of recognised benefit. It is less clear whether postoperative procedures such as hydrotub
- Pre and post-operative medical therapy for endometriosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age (Ozkan 2008). Common symptoms are dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain, infertility or a pelvic mass. Diagnosis by laparoscopy or laparotomy enables identifi
- Preconception lifestyle advice for people with subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Infertility is a prevalent problem and has significant consequences for individuals, families and the wider community. People's chance of having a healthy, live birth may be impacted upon by factors such as weight, diet, smoking, other substance abuse, en
- Preimplantation genetic screening for abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidies) in in vitro fertilisation or intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
In both IVF and ICSI, selection of the most competent embryos for transfer is based on morphological criteria. However, many women fail to achieve a pregnancy even after 'good quality' embryo transfer. One of the presumed causes is that such embryos show
- Preoperative chemotherapy for women with operable breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Apr-2012
Currently, preoperative chemotherapy is the standard of care in locally advanced breast cancer to achieve local tumour downsizing in order to make surgery possible. Since the early 1980s, the role of preoperative chemotherapy in early stage (or operable)
- Pre-operative endometrial thinning agents before endometrial destruction for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2014
Menorrhagia is one of the most common reasons for pre-menopausal women to be referred to a gynaecologist. Although medical therapy is generally the first approach, many women will eventually require or request a hysterectomy. Hysterectomy is associated wi
- Pre-operative GnRH analogue therapy before hysterectomy or myomectomy for uterine fibroids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Uterine fibroids, smooth muscle tumours of the uterus, are found in at least 25 to 35% of women over the age of 35 years. Although some of these tumours are asymptomatic, up to 50% cause symptoms severe enough to warrant therapy and surgery is the standar
- Pre‐treatment surgical para‐aortic lymph node assessment in locally advanced cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2011.
- Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
A range of treatments have been proposed to improve pregnancy outcome in recurrent pregnancy loss associated with antiphospholipid antibody (APL). Small studies have not resolved uncertainty about benefits and risks.
- Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Despite changes in technique, morbidity after surgery for vulvar cancer is high and mainly related to the groin dissection. Primary radiotherapy to the groin is expected to result in lower morbidity. However, studies on the efficacy of primary radiotherap
- Probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2009
The dominance of lactobacilli in healthy vaginal microbiota and its depletion in bacterial vaginosis (BV) has given rise to the concept of oral or vaginal instillation of probiotic Lactobacillus strains for the management of this condition.
