Showing 261-280 of 644 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Respiratory 
- Hyperventilation therapy for acute traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-1997
Because hyperventilation is often associated with a rapid fall in intracranial pressure, it has been assumed to be effective in the treatment of severe head injury. Hyperventilation reduces raised intracranial pressure by causing cerebral vasoconstriction
- Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jan-2020
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicates the clinical course of preterm infants and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. Indomethacin has been the standard treatment to close a PDA but is associated with renal, gastrointestinal, and cerebral side eff
- Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2020
Indomethacin is used as standard therapy to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) but is associated with reduced blood flow to several organs. Ibuprofen, another cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, may be as effective as indomethacin with fewer adverse effects.
- Immunostimulants for preventing respiratory tract infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Immunostimulants (IS) may reduce the incidence of ARTIs.
- Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic therapy for pulmonary sarcoidosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic agents have been used as both an alternative to oral corticosteroids, and as a means of maintaining a low dose of steroids in the treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis.
- Incentive spirometry for preventing pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Incentive spirometry (IS) is a treatment technique that uses a mechanical device to reduce pulmonary complications during postoperative care. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.
- Incentive spirometry for prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Feb-2014
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library 2008, Issue 3.
- Increased versus stable doses of inhaled corticosteroids for exacerbations of chronic asthma in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2022
People with asthma may experience exacerbations, or 'attacks', during which their symptoms worsen and additional treatment is required. Written action plans sometimes advocate a short-term increase in the dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) at the first
- Indigenous healthcare worker involvement for Indigenous adults and children with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2010
Asthma education is regarded as an important step in the management of asthma in national guidelines. Racial, ethnicity and socio-economic factors are associated with markers of asthma severity, including recurrent acute presentations to emergency health
- Indoor air modification interventions for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
Non-specific cough has been defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or known aetiology and is common in childhood. These children are treated with a variety of therapies, including non-pharmacological treatments.
- Infant position in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2016
In patients of various ages undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV), it has been observed that positions other than the standard supine position, such as the prone position, may improve respiratory parameters. The benefits of these positions have not been
- Inferior turbinate surgery for nasal obstruction in allergic rhinitis after failed medical treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2010
Allergic rhinitis is a highly prevalent disease that results from an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction of the nasal mucosa to inhaled allergens. It is primarily treated by allergen avoidance and medical treatment, but when these measures fail to cont
- Influenza vaccination for healthcare workers who care for people aged 60 or older living in long‐term care institutions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2016
A systematic review found that 3% of working adults who had received influenza vaccine and 5% of those who were unvaccinated had laboratory-proven influenza per season; in healthcare workers (HCWs) these percentages were 5% and 8% respectively. Healthcare
- Influenza vaccine for children and adults with bronchiectasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Bronchiectasis is a major cause of respiratory morbidity especially in developing countries. In affluent countries, bronchiectasis is increasingly recognised in certain subsections of communities (e.g. Aboriginal communities) as well as a coexistent disea
- Influenza vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jun-2018
Influenza vaccinations are currently recommended in the care of people with COPD, but these recommendations are based largely on evidence from observational studies, with very few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reported. Influenza infection causes ex
- Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2022
Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with cystic fibrosis and
- Inhaled beta2‐agonists for asthma in mechanically ventilated patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
A small number of patients with acute severe asthma require intubation and positive pressure ventilation. The beneficial effects of inhaled bronchodilators on acute asthma in spontaneously breathing subjects are well established, but there remain importan
- Inhaled beta2‐agonists for non‐specific chronic cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
The pathophysiology of so called 'cough variant asthma' has not received a great deal of research interest and opinion lies divided as to whether it is really asthma or not. The proponents of cough variant asthma suggest a therapeutic trial of medications
- Inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2016
Recurrent wheeze and breathlessness are common in people with cystic fibrosis, and bronchodilators are commonly prescribed. Despite their wide-scale and often long-term use, there is limited objective evidence about their efficacy in cystic fibrosis (CF).
- Inhaled corticosteroid effects on bone metabolism in asthma and mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
Inhaled corticosteroids form the main therapy for asthma, but there is increasing concern about the potential systematic effects of long-term inhaled corticosteroids including their effect on bone metabolism and bone loss.
