Showing 281-300 of 305 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Endocrine and nutrition 
- Vitamin A for non‐measles pneumonia in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Acute respiratory infections, mostly in the form of pneumonia, are the leading causes of death in children under five years of age in low-income countries. Some clinical trials have demonstrated that vitamin A supplementation reduces the severity of respi
- Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Vitamin A supplements are effective for preventing diarrhoea. There are theoretical reasons why they may also be effective for acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), also very common in children, especially in low-income countries.
- Vitamin A for treating measles in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Measles is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Vitamin A deficiency is a recognized risk factor for severe measles infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily oral dose of vitamin A for two days to children with meas
- Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short‐ and long‐term morbidity in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Aug-2016
Vitamin A is necessary for normal lung growth and the integrity of respiratory tract epithelial cells. Preterm infants have low vitamin A status at birth and this has been associated with an increased risk of developing chronic lung disease.
- Vitamin A supplements for reducing mother‐to‐child HIV transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2017
Strategies to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) include lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive women, exclusive breastfeeding from birth for six weeks plus nevirapine or replacement f
- Vitamin B12 for cognition
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
An association between neuropsychiatric disorders and vitamin B12 deficiency has been recognized since 1849 when pernicious anaemia was first described. It has been suggested that deficiency of vitamin B12 might contribute to age-associated cognitive impa
- Vitamin B6 for cognition
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2008
Micronutrient status can affect cognitive function at all ages. Vitamin deficiencies could influence memory function and might contribute to age-associated cognitive impairment and dementia. Vitamin B6, comprising three chemically distinct compounds, pyri
- Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
There is increasing evidence that diabetic retinopathy is caused by the action of free radicals. Radical scavengers like vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) may influence the outcome and progression of diabetic retinopathy, but no systematic review o
- Vitamin C for preventing and treating tetanus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2013
Tetanus is a severe disease that can be prevented by vaccination. In developing countries vaccination coverage is not always high. Cases still occur also in developed countries, particularly in elderly people owing to their reduced immuno protection. Ther
- Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) for preventing and treating the common cold has been a subject of controversy for 70 years.
- Vitamin C supplementation for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2018
Vitamin C is one of the key antioxidant vitamins which is abundant in the extracellular fluid lining the lung and low vitamin C intake has been associated with pulmonary dysfunction.
- Vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2016
Vitamin C supplementation may help reduce the risk of pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and maternal anaemia. There is a need to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin C supplementation in pregnancy.
- Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures in post‐menopausal women and older men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2014
Vitamin D and related compounds have been used to prevent osteoporotic fractures in older people. This is the third update of a Cochrane review first published in 1996.
- Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2017
Vitamin E occurs naturally in the diet. It has several biological activities, including functioning as an antioxidant to scavenge toxic free radicals. Evidence that free radicals may contribute to the pathological processes behind cognitive impairment has
- Vitamin E for antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2018
Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat people with chronic mental illnesses. Its use, however, is associated with adverse effects, including movement disorders such as tardive dyskinesia (TD) – a problem often seen as repetiti
- Vitamin E for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-1998
It is thought that vitamin E may improve tolerance to intermittent claudication (i.e. pain caused by ischaemia in the muscles of the leg during exercise), thereby relieving the pain, through a variety of mechanisms.
- Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2003
Treating very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with pharmacologic doses of vitamin E as an antioxidant agent has been proposed for preventing or limiting retinopathy of prematurity, intracranial hemorrhage, hemolytic anemia, and chronic lung disease. Howev
- Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2015
Vitamin E supplementation may help reduce the risk of pregnancy complications involving oxidative stress, such as pre-eclampsia. There is a need to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy.
- Vitamin K prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Preterm infants are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage (PVH). This can be a sign of brain damage that might lead to neurodevelopmental abnormalities, including cerebral palsy. It has been suggested that vitamin K might improve coagulation in preterm i
- Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-May-2016
Miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy that can be caused by a wide range of factors. Poor dietary intake of vitamins has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, therefore supplementing women with vitamins either prior to or in e
