Showing 281-300 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Non‐surgical interventions for eosinophilic esophagitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
People with eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) have clinical symptoms of esophageal disease, an elevated intraepithelial eosinophil count (15 in one or more high power field at endoscopy), consistent endoscopic findings and failure to respond to gastric acid s
- Non‐surgical interventions for late rectal problems (proctopathy) of radiotherapy in people who have received radiotherapy to the pelvis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2016
This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2002, and previously updated in 2007. Late radiation rectal problems (proctopathy) include bleeding, pain, faecal urgency, and incontinence and may develop after pelvic radiotherapy treatment for c
- Nutritional interventions for preventing and treating pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2014
Pressure ulcers affect approximately 10% of people in hospitals and older people are at highest risk. A correlation between inadequate nutritional intake and the development of pressure ulcers has been suggested by several studies, but the results have be
- Nutritional support for head‐injured patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Head injury increases the body's metabolic responses, and therefore nutritional demands. Provision of an adequate supply of nutrients is associated with improved outcome. The best route for administering nutrition (parenterally (TPN) or enterally (EN)), a
- Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2016
There has been a long history of using occlusal adjustment in the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). It is not clear if occlusal adjustment is effective in treating TMD.
- Occlusal interventions for periodontitis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2016
Occlusal interventions may be used in adults with periodontitis. At present there is little consensus regarding the indications and effectiveness of occlusal interventions in periodontal patients.
- Occlusal splints for treating sleep bruxism (tooth grinding)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Sleep bruxism is an oral activity characterised by teeth grinding or clenching during sleep. Several treatments for sleep bruxism have been proposed such as pharmacological, psychological, and dental.
- Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2014
The anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 (omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil) have been suggested to be beneficial in chronic inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. This review is an update of a previously published Cochrane review.
- Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-May-2008
Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3, fish oil) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, n-3 therapy may be beneficial in chronic inflammatory disorders such as ulcerative colitis.
- One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Topical fluorides in the form of toothpaste, mouthrinse, varnish and gel are effective caries preventive measures. However, there is uncertainty about the relative value of these interventions.
- Open Mesh versus non-Mesh for groin hernia repair
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2011
Inguinal hernia repair is the most frequent operation in general surgery. Until recently the standard procedure has been open musculo-aponeurotic repair using sutures under tension to close the defect but 'tension-free' repair using prosthetic mesh is bec
- Open Preperitoneal Techniques versus Lichtenstein Repair for elective Inguinal Hernias
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jun-2012
Current techniques for inguinal hernia repair show similar recurrence rates. Therefore, recurrence is no longer the main issue discussed when considering improving the current standards for groin hernia repair. Post surgical chronic pain represents a majo
- Open versus closed surgical exposure of canine teeth that are displaced in the roof of the mouth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Aug-2017
Palatally displaced canines or PDCs are upper permanent canines, commonly known as 'eye' teeth, that are displaced in the roof of the mouth. This can leave unsightly gaps, cause damage to the surrounding roots (which can be so severe that neighbouring tee
- Open, small‐incision, or laparoscopic cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. An overview of Cochrane Hepato‐Biliary Group reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis are treated by three different techniques of cholecystectomy: open, small-incision, or laparoscopic. There is no overview on Cochrane systematic reviews on these three interventions.
- Operative caries management in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2019
The management of dental caries has traditionally involved removal of all soft demineralised dentine before a filling is placed. However, the benefits of complete caries removal have been questioned because of concerns about the possible adverse effects o
- Operative procedures for fissure in ano
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Reports of direct comparisons between operative techniques for anal fissure are variable in their results. These reports are either subject to selection bias (in non-randomized studies) or observer bias (in all studies) or have inadequate numbers of patie
- Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2020
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) preparations were intended to avoid the adverse effects of sulfasalazine (SASP) while maintaining its therapeutic benefits. It was previously found that 5-ASA drugs in doses of at least 2 g/day were more effective than p
- Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2016
The prevention of relapse is a major issue in the management of Crohn's disease. Corticosteroids, the mainstay of treatment of acute exacerbations, are not effective for maintenance of remission and its chronic use is limited by numerous adverse events. R
- Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2020
Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA; also known as mesalazine or mesalamine) preparations were intended to avoid the adverse effects of sulfasalazine (SASP) while maintaining its therapeutic benefits. In an earlier version of this review, we found that 5-AS
- Oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of surgically‐induced remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jun-2019
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract. 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs) are locally acting, anti-inflammatory compounds that reduce inflammation of the colonic mucosa with release profil
