Showing 281-300 of 387 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gynecologic 
- Progestin-only pills for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2013
The introduction of a new progestin-only oral contraceptive in Europe has renewed interest in this class of oral contraceptives. Unlike the more widely used combined oral contraceptives containing an estrogen plus progestin, these pills contain only a pro
- Progestogen for preventing miscarriage in women with recurrent miscarriage of unclear etiology
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2019
Progesterone, a female sex hormone, is known to induce secretory changes in the lining of the uterus essential for successful implantation of a fertilized egg. It has been suggested that a causative factor in many cases of miscarriage may be inadequate se
- Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2018
Miscarriage is a common complication encountered during pregnancy. It is defined as spontaneous pregnancy loss before 20 weeks' gestation. Progesterone's physiological role is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of the embryo, enhance uterine quies
- Progestogen‐releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jun-2020
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) impacts the quality of life of otherwise healthy women. The perception of HMB is subjective and management depends upon, among other factors, the severity of the symptoms, a woman's age, her wish to get pregnant, and the pre
- Progestogen‐releasing intrauterine systems versus other forms of reversible contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Hormonally impregnated intrauterine systems (IUSs) add a progestogen to a non-medicated contraceptive device to improve contraceptive action.
- Progestogens with or without oestrogen for irregular uterine bleeding associated with anovulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Irregular menstrual bleeding may arise due to exogenous sex steroids, lesions of the genital tract or be associated with anovulation. Irregular bleeding due to oligo/anovulation (previously called dysfunctional uterine bleeding or DUB) is more common at t
- Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2013
The transcervical intrauterine route is commonly used for operative gynaecological procedures in women. The vagina is an area of the body that is abundant with normal bacterial flora. An operative procedure through the vagina may, therefore, be considered
- Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2019
Surgery has been used as part of breast cancer treatment for centuries; however any surgical procedure has the potential risk of infection. Infection rates for surgical treatment of breast cancer are documented at between 3% and 15%, higher than average f
- Psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2013
Psychological symptoms are associated with metastatic breast cancer. This is the basis for exploring the impact of psychological interventions on psychosocial and survival outcomes. One early study appeared to show significant survival and psychological b
- Pulsatile gonadotrophin releasing hormone for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
In normal menstrual cycles, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion is pulsatile, with intervals of 60-120 minutes in the follicular phase. Treatment with pulsatile GnRH infusion by the intravenous or subcutaneous route using a portable pump has
- Quadriphasic versus monophasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2011
Quadriphasic oral contraceptives have been developed to reduce the adverse effects of oral contraceptives and are presented as more physiological since they mimic the natural cycle. However, suggested disadvantages of quadriphasic oral contraceptives incl
- Radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for early cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review first published in Issue 4, 2009. There is an ongoing debate about the indications for, and value of, adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy after radical surgery in women with early cervical cancer. Certai
- Radiotherapy for early breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2008
The long-term effects of radiotherapy on mortality from breast cancer and other causes remain uncertain.
- Recombinant FSH versus urinary gonadotrophins or recombinant FSH for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2015
Gonadotrophins are known to be effective in inducing ovulation in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Ovulation induction with FSH bears the risk of multiple follicle development and multiple pregnancies. The dose regimen used can a
- Recombinant luteinizing hormone (rLH) and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) for ovarian stimulation in IVF/ICSI cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2017
One of the various ovarian stimulation regimens used for in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles is the use of recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) in combination with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (Gn
- Recombinant versus urinary follicle stimulating hormone for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproduction cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Until recently, the main source of exogenous follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) for therapeutic use in infertility had been the urine of postmenopausal women. New developments have resulted in the production of FSH in vitro by recombinant DNA technology.
- Recombinant versus urinary gonadotrophin for ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technology cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Nov-2012
Several systematic reviews compared recombinant gonadotrophin with urinary gonadotrophins (HMG, purified FSH, highly purified FSH) for ovarian hyperstimulation in IVF and ICSI cycles and these reported conflicting results. Each of these reviews used diffe
- Recombinant versus urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin for final oocyte maturation triggering in IVF and ICSI cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2016
For the last few decades urinary human chorionic gonadotrophin (uhCG) has been used to trigger final oocyte maturation in cycles of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Recombinant technology has allowed the production
- Regular self-examination or clinical examination for early detection of breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2008
Breast self-examination and clinical breast examination have been promoted for many years as general screening methods to diagnose breast cancer at an early stage in order to decrease morbidity and mortality. The possible benefits and harms remain unclear
- Repeated use of pre‐ and postcoital hormonal contraception for prevention of pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2014
Repeated use of postcoital hormonal contraception is not currently recommended due to the higher risk of side effects and lower contraceptive effectiveness compared to other modern methods of contraception. However, emerging evidence indicates renewed int
