Showing 281-300 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Alternating pressure (active) air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2021
Pressure ulcers (also known as pressure injuries, pressure sores, decubitus ulcers and bed sores) are localised injuries to the skin or underlying soft tissue, or both, caused by unrelieved pressure, shear or friction. Alternating pressure (active) air su
- Alternative agents to prophylactic platelet transfusion for preventing bleeding in people with thrombocytopenia due to chronic bone marrow failure: a meta‐analysis and systematic review
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2016
People with thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow failure are vulnerable to bleeding. Platelet transfusions have limited efficacy in this setting and alternative agents that could replace, or reduce platelet transfusion, and are effective at reducing bleedi
- Alternative injectable materials for vocal fold medialisation in unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Sep-2012
Patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) usually present with dysphonia, but can also be breathless and have problems with their swallowing. Speech and language therapy forms the initial mainstay of management in cases of UVFP, since up to 60%
- Alternative lipid emulsions versus pure soy oil based lipid emulsions for parenterally fed preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2015
The pure soybean oil based lipid emulsions (S-LE) conventionally used for parenteral nutrition (PN) in preterm infants have high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. The newer lipid emulsions (LE) from alternative lipid sources with reduced PUFA con
- Alternative magnesium sulphate regimens for women with pre‐eclampsia and eclampsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2010
Magnesium sulphate remains the drug of choice for both prevention and treatment of women with eclampsia. Regimens for administration of this drug have evolved over the years, but have not yet been formally evaluated.
- Alternative positions for the baby at birth before clamping the umbilical cord
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2010
The third stage of labour is from birth of the baby until delivery of the placenta. Clamping the umbilical cord is one component of active management of the third stage. Deferring cord clamping allows blood flow between the baby and the placenta to contin
- Alternative reactive support surfaces (non‐foam and non‐air‐filled) for preventing pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-May-2021
Pressure ulcers (also known as injuries, pressure sores, decubitus ulcers and bed sores) are localised injuries to the skin or underlying soft tissue, or both, caused by unrelieved pressure, shear or friction. Reactive surfaces that are not made of foam o
- Alternative versus conventional institutional settings for birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2012
Alternative institutional settings have been established for the care of pregnant women who prefer little or no medical intervention. The settings may offer care throughout pregnancy and birth, or only during labour; they may be part of hospitals or frees
- Alternative versus standard packages of antenatal care for low‐risk pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2015
The number of visits for antenatal (prenatal) care developed without evidence of how many visits are necessary. The content of each visit also needs evaluation.
- Alternatives to inpatient mental health care for children and young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Current policy in the UK and elsewhere places emphasis on the provision of mental health services in the least restrictive setting, whilst also recognising that some children will require inpatient care. As a result, there are a range of mental health ser
- Alternatives, and adjuncts, to prophylactic platelet transfusion for people with haematological malignancies undergoing intensive chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Aug-2016
Platelet transfusions are used in modern clinical practice to prevent and treat bleeding in people with thrombocytopenia. Although considerable advances have been made in platelet transfusion therapy since the mid-1970s, some areas continue to provoke deb
- Alvimopan for recovery of bowel function after radical cystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-May-2017
Alvimopan is used in abdominal surgery to reduce postoperative ileus in patients undergoing small bowel resections with primary anastomosis. The role and efficacy of alvimopan in patients undergoing radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is not well un
- Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Amantadine hydrochloride (amantadine) and rimantadine hydrochloride (rimantadine) have antiviral properties, but they are not widely used due to a lack of knowledge of their potential value and concerns about possible adverse effects.
- Amantadine and rimantadine for influenza A in children and the elderly
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2014
Influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by influenza A and B viruses. Complications may occur, especially among children and the elderly.
- Amantadine for dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2003
Abnormal involuntary movements known as dyskinesias are amongst the most disabling side-effects of levodopa therapy. It is thought that amantadine, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, may reduce dyskinesias in patients with Parkinson's disease without worsening
- Amantadine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Fatigue is one of the most common and disabling symptoms of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The effective management of fatigue has an important impact on the patient's functioning, abilities, and quality of life. Although a number of strategies have
- Amantadine in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Although levodopa is the most common drug prescribed to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease it is associated with motor and psychiatric side-effects. Consequently, interest has turned to alternative drugs with improved side-effect profiles to repl
- Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2014
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is caused by a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant (an active agent that keeps pulmonary alveoli open and facilitates the entry of air to the lungs, thus improving the oxygenation of the newborn).
- Ambulatory and short‐burst oxygen for interstitial lung disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2016
A large subgroup of people with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are normoxic at rest, but rapidly desaturate on exertion. This can limit exercise capacity and worsen dyspnoea. The use of ambulatory or short-burst oxygen when mobilising or during other act
- Ambulatory oxygen for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who are not hypoxaemic at rest
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2014
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often become transiently hypoxaemic (low oxygen levels in blood) on exercise, necessitating oxygen therapy to improve breathlessness and exercise capacity and to reduce disability. Ambulatory oxygen
