Showing 301-320 of 639 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Hypothermia for neuroprotection in adults after cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2016
Good neurological outcome after cardiac arrest is difficult to achieve. Interventions during the resuscitation phase and treatment within the first hours after the event are critical. Experimental evidence suggests that therapeutic hypothermia is benefici
- Hypothermia to reduce neurological damage following coronary artery bypass surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) may be life saving, but known side effects include neurological damage and cognitive impairment. The temperature used during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may be important with regard to these adverse outcomes, where h
- Hypotonic vs isotonic saline solutions for intravenous fluid management of acute infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Hypotonic saline (such as 0.18-0.3% NaCl with dextrose) is commonly used as maintenance fluid in the management of acute infections. In recent years there have been numerous reports of hypotonic saline solutions being associated with adverse outcomes. To
- Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jan-2020
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicates the clinical course of preterm infants and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. Indomethacin has been the standard treatment to close a PDA but is associated with renal, gastrointestinal, and cerebral side eff
- Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2020
Indomethacin is used as standard therapy to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) but is associated with reduced blood flow to several organs. Ibuprofen, another cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, may be as effective as indomethacin with fewer adverse effects.
- Iloprost and cisaprost for Raynaud's phenomenon in progressive systemic sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Scleroderma is a connective tissue disease causing fibrosis and commonly affects the skin and internal organs such as the GI tract, lungs, kidney and heart.
- Immunotherapy for diabetic amyotrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-2017
People with diabetes mellitus (DM) sometimes present with acute or subacute, progressive, asymmetrical pain and weakness of the proximal lower limb muscles. The various names for the condition include diabetic amyotrophy, diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplex
- Immunotherapy for IgM anti‐myelin‐associated glycoprotein paraprotein‐associated peripheral neuropathies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2016
Serum monoclonal anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG) antibodies may be pathogenic in some people with immunoglobulin M (IgM) paraprotein and demyelinating neuropathy. Immunotherapies aimed at reducing the level of these antibodies might be expe
- Incentive spirometry for preventing pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Incentive spirometry (IS) is a treatment technique that uses a mechanical device to reduce pulmonary complications during postoperative care. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.
- Indomethacin for asymptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in premature infants. Indomethacin is an effective treatment to close a PDA, and has been used for many years with several treatment regimes, including prophylactic use i
- Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Nov-2021
A stroke is a sudden loss of brain function caused by lack of blood supply. Stroke can lead to death or physical and cognitive impairment and can have long lasting psychological and social implications. Research shows that stroke survivors and their famil
- Infusion techniques for peripheral arterial thrombolysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2021
Acute limb ischaemia usually is caused by a blood clot blocking an artery or a bypass graft. Severe acute ischaemia will lead to irreversible damage to muscles and nerves if blood flow is not restored in a few hours. Once irreversible damage occurs, amput
- Inhaled corticosteroids compared to placebo for prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
The pathogenesis of exercise induced bronchoconstriction is likely multifactorial and is not completely understood. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of exercise induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects but the evidence see
- Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Insulin therapy often relies on multiple daily injections of insulin. However this is a considerable burden to many people with diabetes and adherence to such an insulin regimen can be difficult to maintain, hence compromising optimal glycaemic control. A
- Inhaled nitric oxide for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Acute chest syndrome has been defined as a new infiltrate visible on chest radiograph associated with one or more symptoms, such as fever, cough, sputum production, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, or new-onset hypoxia. Symptoms and complications of this syndrome, w
- Inhaled nitric oxide for the postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension in infants and children with congenital heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2014
Nitric oxide (NO) is a prevalent molecule in humans that is responsible for many physiologic activities including pulmonary vasodilation. An exogenous, inhaled form (iNO) exists that mimics this action without affecting systemic blood pressure. This thera
- Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for preventing bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2017
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants and inflammation plays a significant role in its pathogenesis. The use of inhaled corticosteroids may modulate the inflammatory process without conco
- In‐hospital care pathways for stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
Stroke care pathways have the potential to promote organised and efficient patient care that is based on best evidence and guidelines, but evidence to support their use is unclear.
- Injection sclerotherapy for varicose veins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2021
Varicose veins are enlarged and tortuous veins, affecting up to one-third of the world's population. They can be a cause of chronic venous insufficiency, which is characterised by oedema, pigmentation, eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, atrophie blanche, and h
- Inspiratory muscle training for the recovery of function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2012
Inspiratory muscle weakness has been observed in patients with stroke. Inspiratory muscle training is an intervention that has shown possible effects for functional recovery of patients with stroke.
