Showing 301-320 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Dual chamber versus single chamber ventricular pacemakers for sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2013
Dual chamber pacing or single chamber atrial pacing ('physiologic' pacing) is believed to have an advantage over single chamber ventricular pacing in that it resembles cardiac physiology more closely by maintaining atrioventricular (AV) synchrony and domi
- Duration of treatment with vitamin K antagonists in symptomatic venous thromboembolism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2014
Currently, the most frequently used secondary treatment for patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) consists of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) targeted at an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5 (range 2.0 to 3.0). However, based on the continuing
- Early developmental intervention programmes provided post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairment in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2015
Infants born preterm are at increased risk of developing cognitive and motor impairment compared with infants born at term. Early developmental interventions have been provided in the clinical setting with the aim of improving overall functional outcomes
- Early enteral nutrition within 24h of colorectal surgery versus later commencement of feeding for postoperative complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
This updated review from 2011 focus on early postoperative enteral nutrition after gastrointestinal surgery. Traditional management consist of 'nil by mouth', where patients receive fluids followed by solids when tolerated. Although several trials have im
- Early intervention for psychosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2011
Proponents of early intervention have argued that outcomes might be improved if more therapeutic efforts were focused on the early stages of schizophrenia or on people with prodromal symptoms. Early intervention in schizophrenia has two elements that are
- Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
The early institution of enteral feeding in the first few days of life is known to impact on the development of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. However, the effect of early intravenous nutrition on neonatal jaundice remains unknown.
- Early invasive versus conservative strategies for unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in the stent era
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2010
In patients with unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) two strategies are possible, either a routine invasive strategy where all patients undergo coronary angiography shortly after admission and, if indicated, coronary rev
- Early postnatal discharge from hospital for healthy mothers and term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2009
Length of postnatal hospital stay has declined dramatically in the past thirty years. There is ongoing controversy concerning whether staying less time in hospital is harmful or beneficial.
- Early versus deferred standard androgen suppression therapy for advanced hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2019
Standard androgen suppression therapy (AST) using surgical or medical castration is considered a mainstay of advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treatment. AST can be initiated early when disease is asymptomatic or deferred when patients suffer sym
- Early versus delayed oral fluids and food for reducing complications after major abdominal gynaecologic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2014
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in 2007. Traditionally, after major abdominal gynaecologic surgery postoperative oral intake is withheld until the return of bowel function. There has been concern that early oral intake
- Early versus late chest radiotherapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2010
This is an update of the original review published in Issue 1, 2005. It is standard clinical practice to combine chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy in treating patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer. However, the best way to integrate both mo
- Early warning systems and rapid response systems for the prevention of patient deterioration on acute adult hospital wards
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2021
Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) have been implemented internationally in acute hospitals to facilitate early recognition, referral and response to patient deterioration as a solution to address suboptimal ward-based care. EWS
- Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2014
Echinacea plant preparations (family Asteraceae) are widely used in Europe and North America for common colds. Most consumers and physicians are not aware that products available under the term Echinacea differ appreciably in their composition, mainly du
- Edaravone for acute intracerebral haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jan-2011
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Prognosis for ICH patients is poor. Edaravone may be safe and effective in reducing the risk of early death and improving long-term functional outcomes in survivors.
- Education for contraceptive use by women after childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2015
Contraceptive education is generally a standard component of postpartum care, although the effectiveness is seldom examined. The assumptions that form the basis of such programs include postpartum women being motivated to use contraception and that they w
- Education interventions for adults who attend the emergency room for acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2013
The use of educational and behavioural interventions in the management of chronic asthma have a strong evidence base. There may be a role for educative interventions following presentation in an emergency setting in adults.
- Educational games for health professionals
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2013
The use of games as an educational strategy has the potential to improve health professionals' performance (e.g. adherence to standards of care) through improving their knowledge, skills and attitudes.
- Educational games for mental health professionals
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
In traditional didactic teaching, the learner has a passive role, digesting the knowledge presented by the teacher. Stimulating and active teaching processes may be better at instilling information than more pedestrian approaches. Games involving repetiti
- Educational outreach visits: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Educational outreach visits (EOVs) have been identified as an intervention that may improve the practice of healthcare professionals. This type of face-to-face visit has been referred to as university-based educational detailing, academic detailing, and e
- Effect of cocoa on blood pressure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2012
High blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease attributing to about 50% of cardiovascular events worldwide and 37% of cardiovascular related deaths in Western populations. Epidemiological studies suggest that cocoa rich product
