Showing 301-320 of 508 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Infectious disease 
- Lamivudine with or without adefovir dipivoxil for postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2011
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of death, especially in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Removal of the cancer through surgery or other techniques is considered the first-line therapy in early HCC, but relapse of HCC is the main postoper
- Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2018
The removal of the acute appendix is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures. Open surgery associated with therapeutic efficacy has been the treatment of choice for acute appendicitis. However, in consequence of the evolution of endoscopi
- Long‐term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2019
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children. Symptoms include fever, lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. UTI is caused by Escherichia coli in over 80% of cases and treatment is a course of antibiotics. Due to acute illness caused by UTI and the risk
- Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low level laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India.
- Macrolide antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Macrolide antibiotics may have a modifying role in diseases which involve airway infection and inflammation, like cystic fibrosis.
- Malaria chemoprophylaxis in sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Malaria is the most common precipitating cause of crises in sickle cell disease in malaria-endemic countries. Health professionals often recommend life-long malaria chemoprophylaxis for people with sickle cell disease living in these areas. It is therefor
- Male circumcision for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2013
Male circumcision is defined as the surgical removal of all or part of the foreskin of the penis and may be practiced as part of a religious ritual, as a medical procedure, or as part of a traditional ritual performed as an initiation into manhood. Since
- Male circumcision for prevention of homosexual acquisition of HIV in men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2011
Previous systematic reviews found inconsistent effects of male circumcision on HIV acquisition in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, a number of new studies have become available in the three years since the last systematic review.
- Management of toxoplasmic encephalitis in HIV‐infected adults (with an emphasis on resource‐poor settings)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Cerebral toxoplasmosis or toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis (hereafter referred to as TE) was one of the first opportunistic infections to be described in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -infected patients. Treatment of TE has been relatively successful
- Mannitol and other osmotic diuretics as adjuncts for treating cerebral malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2011
Cerebral oedema occurs with cerebral malaria, and some clinicians think osmotic diuretics, such as mannitol or urea, may improve outcomes.
- Mass media interventions for promoting HIV testing
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Use of the mass media is one of the important strategies in communicating behavioral change in relation to HIV/AIDS prevention. Mass media are used to promote voluntary HIV counseling and testing and to sustain test-seeking behavior.
- Massage therapy for people with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Infection with human immunodeficency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficency syndrome (AIDS) is a pandemic that has affected millions of people globally. Although major research and clinical initiatives are addressing prevention and cure strategies, issu
- Medicinal herbs for hepatitis C virus infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious health problem world-wide. Medicinal herbs are increasingly being used for hepatitis C.
- Mefloquine for preventing malaria during travel to endemic areas
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2017
Mefloquine is one of four antimalarial agents commonly recommended for preventing malaria in travellers to malaria-endemic areas. Despite its high efficacy, there is controversy about its psychological side effects.
- Methenamine hippurate for preventing urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Methenamine salts are often used as an alternative to antibiotics for the prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI). This review was first published in Issue 1, 2002 and updated in Issue 4, 2007.
- Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-May-2017
Micronutrient deficiencies are common among adults living with HIV disease, particularly in low-income settings where the diet may be low in essential vitamins and minerals. Some micronutrients play critical roles in maintenance of the immune system, and
- Micronutrient supplementation in pregnant women with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread and compound the effects of HIV disease; micronutrient supplements may be effective and safe in reducing this burden.
- Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Alcohol and hepatotoxic viruses cause the majority of liver diseases. Randomised clinical trials have assessed whether extracts of milk thistle, Silybum marianum (L) Gaertneri, have any effect in patients with alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver
- Mobile phone text messaging for promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
More than 34 million people are presently living with HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can help these people to live longer, healthier lives, but adherence to ART can be difficult. Mobile phone text-messaging has the potential to help promote a
- Modes of administration of antibiotics for symptomatic severe urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Urinary tract infection (UTI), worldwide, is a major source of disease in children and adults. As it may have long-term consequences such as kidney failure and hypertension, it is important to treat patients with UTI adequately. Although standard manageme
