Showing 321-340 of 503 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Neurologic 
- Notification and support for people exposed to the risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (or other prion diseases) through medical treatment (iatrogenically)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and variant CJD (vCJD) are rare and always-fatal diseases transmissible via certain medical procedures. If a person is exposed to the disease risk through medical treatment, they may need to be notified of this to prevent t
- Nutritional support for head-injured patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Head injury increases the body's metabolic responses, and therefore nutritional demands. Provision of an adequate supply of nutrients is associated with improved outcome. The best route for administering nutrition (parenterally (TPN) or enterally (EN)), a
- Occupational therapy for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2008
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are referred to occupational therapy with complaints about fatigue, limb weakness, alteration of upper extremity fine motor coordination, loss of sensation and spasticity that causes limitations in performance of activitie
- Occupational therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
Despite drug and surgical therapies for Parkinson's disease, patients develop progressive disability. It has both motor and non-motor symptomatology, and their interaction with their environment can be very complex. The role of the occupational therapist
- Olanzapine IM or velotab for acutely disturbed/agitated people with suspected serious mental illnesses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2009
People presenting with agitated or violent behaviour thought to be due to severe mental illness may require urgent pharmacological tranquillisation. Several preparations of olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug, are now being used for management of such agita
- Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2012
Evidence from observational studies suggests that diets high in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect people from cognitive decline and dementia. The strength of this potential protective effect has recently been tested in rand
- Opioid switching to improve pain relief and drug tolerability
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2015
Patients with cancer, and increasingly chronic non-cancer pain frequently require strong opioids for pain relief. Morphine is the first-line strong opioid of choice for these patients. While most achieve adequate analgesia with morphine, a significant min
- Opioids for neuropathic pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Aug-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 3, 2006, which included 23 trials. The use of opioids for neuropathic pain remains controversial. Studies have been small, have yielded equivocal results, and have not establish
- Opioids for the management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2015
This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Issue 1, 2006). Breakthrough pain is a transient exacerbation of pain that occurs either spontaneously or in relation to a specific predictable or un
- Oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2008
Apnoea is a breathing disorder marked by the absence of airflow at the nose or mouth. In children, risk factors include adenotonsillar hypertrophy, obesity, neuromuscular disorders and craniofacial anomalies. The most common treatment for obstructive slee
- Oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Apr-2009
Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (OSAH) is a syndrome characterised by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep that are usually terminated by an arousal. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the pri
- Oral morphine for cancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2014
This is the second updated version of a Cochrane review first published in Issue 4, 2003 of The Cochrane Library and first updated in 2007. Morphine has been used for many years to relieve pain. Oral morphine in either immediate release or modified releas
- Oral versus intravenous steroids for treatment of relapses in multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2012
This is an updated Cochrane review of the previous version published (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD006921. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006921.pub2).
- Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2008
Most people with epilepsy have a good prognosis and their seizures can be well controlled with the use of a single antiepileptic drug, but up to 30% develop refractory epilepsy, especially those with partial seizures. In this review we summarize the curre
- Oxcarbazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
Some studies have suggested that oxcarbazepine has a role in preventing episode recurrence in bipolar affective disorder. This review attempted to investigate the existing evidence from randomised controlled trials for its use in the maintenance treatment
- Oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for partial onset seizures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Partial onset seizures are often treated with the standard antiepileptic drug carbamazepine. Oxcarbazepine is a newer antiepileptic drug related to carbamazepine that is claimed to be better tolerated.
- Oxcarbazepine versus phenytoin monotherapy for epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2013
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library 2006, Issue 2.
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2013
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 11, 2010 (Derry 2010). Migraine is a common, disabling condition and a burden for the individual, health services and society. Many sufferers choose not to, or are unable to, se
- Parent training interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years, seen in a range of situations, inconsistent with th
- Pergolide for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
In later Parkinson's disease, long-term treatment with levodopa therapy is associated with the development of motor complications which include abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). Do
