Showing 3541-3560 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Information provision for people with multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Oct-2018
People with multiple sclerosis (MS) are confronted with a number of important uncertainties concerning many aspects of the disease. These include diagnosis, prognosis, disease course, disease-modifying therapies, symptomatic therapies, and non-pharmacolog
- Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Nov-2021
A stroke is a sudden loss of brain function caused by lack of blood supply. Stroke can lead to death or physical and cognitive impairment and can have long lasting psychological and social implications. Research shows that stroke survivors and their famil
- Infraclavicular brachial plexus block for regional anaesthesia of the lower arm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Aug-2013
Several approaches exist to produce local anaesthetic blockade of the brachial plexus. It is not clear which is the technique of choice for providing surgical anaesthesia of the lower arm, although infraclavicular blockade (ICB) has several purported adva
- Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2016
Postoperative pain is a barrier to the quality of paediatric care, the proper management of which is a challenge. Acute postoperative pain often leads to adverse functional and organic consequences that may compromise surgical outcome. Cleft lip is one of
- Infusion techniques for peripheral arterial thrombolysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2021
Acute limb ischaemia usually is caused by a blood clot blocking an artery or a bypass graft. Severe acute ischaemia will lead to irreversible damage to muscles and nerves if blood flow is not restored in a few hours. Once irreversible damage occurs, amput
- Inhaled analgesia for pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Many women would like to have a choice in pain relief during labour and also would like to avoid invasive methods of pain management in labour. Inhaled analgesia during labour involves the self-administered inhalation of sub-anaesthetic concentrations of
- Inhaled antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2018
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder in which abnormal mucus in the lungs is associated with susceptibility to persistent infection. Pulmonary exacerbations are when symptoms of infection become more severe. Antibiotics are an essential part of treatment
- Inhaled anticholinergics and short-acting beta2-agonists versus short-acting beta2-agonists alone for children with acute asthma in hospital
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2014
Inhaled anticholinergics given in addition to ß2-agonists are effective in reducing hospital admissions in children presenting to the emergency department with a moderate to severe asthma exacerbation. It seems logical to assume a similar beneficial effec
- Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2018
Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with cystic fibrosis and
- Inhaled beta2‐agonists for asthma in mechanically ventilated patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
A small number of patients with acute severe asthma require intubation and positive pressure ventilation. The beneficial effects of inhaled bronchodilators on acute asthma in spontaneously breathing subjects are well established, but there remain importan
- Inhaled beta2-agonists for non-specific chronic cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2009
The pathophysiology of so called 'cough variant asthma' has not received a great deal of research interest and opinion lies divided as to whether it is really asthma or not. The proponents of cough variant asthma suggest a therapeutic trial of medications
- Inhaled bronchodilators for acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Sep-2016
Bronchodilators are used to treat bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthma. Bronchial hyper-responsiveness may be a component of acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease. Therefore, bronchodilators may be useful in the treatment of acute ch
- Inhaled bronchodilators for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2016
Recurrent wheeze and breathlessness are common in people with cystic fibrosis, and bronchodilators are commonly prescribed. Despite their wide-scale and often long-term use, there is limited objective evidence about their efficacy in cystic fibrosis (CF).
- Inhaled corticosteroid effects on bone metabolism in asthma and mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
Inhaled corticosteroids form the main therapy for asthma, but there is increasing concern about the potential systematic effects of long-term inhaled corticosteroids including their effect on bone metabolism and bone loss.
- Inhaled corticosteroids compared to placebo for prevention of exercise induced bronchoconstriction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
The pathogenesis of exercise induced bronchoconstriction is likely multifactorial and is not completely understood. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of exercise induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects but the evidence see
- Inhaled corticosteroids for bronchiectasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2018
Bronchiectasis is being increasingly diagnosed and recognised as an important contributor to chronic lung disease in both adults and children in high- and low-income countries. It is characterised by irreversible dilatation of airways and is generally ass
- Inhaled corticosteroids for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jul-2019
The reduction of lung inflammation is one of the goals of cystic fibrosis therapy. Inhaled corticosteroids are often used in this respect to treat children and adults with cystic fibrosis. The rationale for this is their potential to reduce lung damage ar
- Inhaled corticosteroids for non-specific chronic cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2009
Cough in isolation of other clinical features is known as non-specific cough, which has been defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or any known aetiology. In children with non-specific cough the possibility of
- Inhaled corticosteroids for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Aug-2016
The role of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been the subject of much controversy. Major international guidelines recommend selective use of ICS. Recently published meta-analyses have reported conflicting f
- Inhaled corticosteroids for subacute and chronic cough in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2013
Persistent cough is a common clinical problem. Despite thorough investigation and empirical management, a considerable proportion of those people with subacute and chronic cough have unexplained cough, for which treatment options are limited. While curren
