Showing 341-360 of 644 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Respiratory 
- Ionisers for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Previous reports have shown that ion content in the air may have an effect on respiratory function. Results from studies which test the efficacy of air ionisers to reduce asthma symptoms are often inconclusive and their use as a treatment for asthma remai
- Ipratropium bromide versus long‐acting beta‐2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition associated with high morbidity, mortality and cost to the community. Patients often report symptomatic improvement with long acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) and anticholinergic bronchodilator medi
- Ipratropium bromide versus short acting beta‐2 agonists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition associated with high morbidity, mortality and cost to the community. Patients often report symptomatic improvement with short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA) and anticholinergic bronchodilator medi
- Iron supplementation for breath-holding attacks in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2010
Breath-holding attacks are common during childhood. Iron supplementation has been claimed to reduce the frequency or severity, or both, of breath-holding attacks in children.
- Isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in non‐HIV infected persons
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Although isoniazid (INH) is commonly used for treating tuberculosis (TB), it is also effective as preventive therapy.
- Ketotifen alone or as additional medication for long‐term control of asthma and wheeze in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Ketotifen is an antihistamine which may be used to treat asthma. Since administering inhaled therapy to younger children can be difficult, an oral agent such as ketotifen offers potential advantages.
- Kinesthetic stimulation for preventing apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive p
- Kinesthetic stimulation for treating apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pr
- Kinesthetic stimulation versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-1998
Apnea of prematurity may lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia requiring resuscitative measures being instituted. Many treatments have been used in infants with apnea of prematurity including methylxanthines. Physical stimulation is often used to restart brea
- Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2011
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) administration is one way of delivering surfactant to the infant lung, with the potential benefit of avoiding endotracheal intubation and ventilation, ventilator induced lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
- Late (≥ 7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2021
Many infants born preterm develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), with lung inflammation playing a role. Corticosteroids have powerful anti-inflammatory effects and have been used to treat individuals with established BPD. However, it is unclear whether
- Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Feb-2016
Smoking bans have been implemented in a variety of settings, as well as being part of policy in many jurisdictions to protect the public and employees from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke (SHS). They also offer the potential to influence social no
- Leukotriene receptor antagonist for prolonged non‐specific cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
Non-specific cough is defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or known aetiology. It is commonly seen in paediatric practice. These children are treated with a variety of therapies including a variety of asthma m
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists for non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2000
Leukotriene receptor antagonists are a new class of drug that were initially identified for use in asthma. As they have an effect on neutrophil mediated inflammation, they may be of benefit in bronchiectasis.
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists in addition to usual care for acute asthma in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2012
Acute asthma presentation in the emergency setting frequently leads to hospital admission. Currently available treatment options include corticosteroid therapy, beta2-agonists and oxygen. Antileukotriene agents are beneficial in chronic asthma as addition
- Lidocaine for preventing postoperative sore throat
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2015
Sore throat is a common side-effect of general anaesthesia and is reported by between 30% and 70% of patients after tracheal intubation. The likelihood of a sore throat varies with the type, diameter, and cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube used. If in
- Lifestyle modification for obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Obstructive sleep apnoeas are due to transient closure of the upper airway during sleep and merge into hypopnoeas in which the airway narrows, but some airflow continues. They are due to the forces compressing the airway overcoming those which stabilise i
- Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
A key component of many asthma management guidelines is the recommendation for patient education and regular medical review. A number of controlled trials have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of asthma education programmes. These programmes im
- Long versus short inspiratory times in neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2003
When intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) was introduced in newborn infants with hypoxic respiratory failure from hyaline membrane disease (HMD), mortality was high and air leaks problematic. This barotrauma was caused by the high peak inspir
- Long‐acting beta2‐agonist in addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2015
Long-acting bronchodilators, comprising long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) and long-acting anti-muscarinic agents (LAMA, principally tiotropium), are commonly used for managing persistent symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Combining
