Showing 3681-3700 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Injection sclerotherapy for varicose veins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2021
Varicose veins are enlarged and tortuous veins, affecting up to one-third of the world's population. They can be a cause of chronic venous insufficiency, which is characterised by oedema, pigmentation, eczema, lipodermatosclerosis, atrophie blanche, and h
- Injection therapies for Achilles tendinopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2015
Achilles tendinopathy is a common condition, often with significant functional consequences. As a wide range of injection treatments are available, a review of randomised trials evaluating injection therapies to help inform treatment decisions is warrante
- Injection therapy for subacute and chronic low‐back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2008
The effectiveness of injection therapy for low-back pain is still debatable. Heterogeneity of target tissue, pharmacological agent and dosage generally found in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) points to the need for clinically valid comparisons in a l
- Inositol for depressive disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
There are a number of effective interventions for the treatment of depression. It is possible that the efficacy of these treatments will be improved further by the use of adjunctive therapies such as inositol.
- Inositol for subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2018
Subfertile women are highly motivated to try different adjunctive therapies to have a baby, and the widespread perception is that dietary supplements such as myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-insoitol (DCI) are associated with only benefit, and not with harm.
- Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2019
Inositol is an essential nutrient required by human cells in culture for growth and survival. Inositol promotes maturation of several components of surfactant and may play a critical role in fetal and early neonatal life. A drop in inositol levels in infa
- Inotropic agents and vasodilator strategies for the treatment of cardiogenic shock or low cardiac output syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2020
Cardiogenic shock (CS) and low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) are potentially life-threatening complications of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF) or cardiac surgery. While there is solid evidence for the treatment of other cardiovascul
- Inpatient versus other settings for detoxification for opioid dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2008
There are a complex range of variables that can influence the course and subjective severity of opioid withdrawal. There is a growing evidence for the effectiveness of a range of medically-supported detoxification strategies, but little attention has been
- Inpatient versus outpatient care, partial hospitalisation and waiting list for people with eating disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2019
Clinical guidelines recommend outpatient care for the majority of people with an eating disorder. The optimal use of inpatient treatment or combination of inpatient and partial hospital care is disputed and practice varies widely.
- Insecticide space spraying for preventing malaria transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Nov-2018
Space spraying is the dispersal of a liquid fog of insecticide into an outdoor area to kill adult insects. It has been regularly used in public health and pest control programmes, including use as an emergency response to malaria epidemics. This Cochrane
- Insecticide‐treated nets for preventing malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2018
A previous version of this Cochrane Review identified that insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are effective at reducing child mortality, parasite prevalence, and uncomplicated and severe malaria episodes. Insecticide-treated nets have since become a core int
- Insecticide-treated nets for preventing malaria in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2009
Malaria in pregnancy is associated with adverse consequences for mother and fetus. Protection with insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) during pregnancy is widely advocated, but evidence of their benefit has been inconsistent.
- In‐service training for health professionals to improve care of seriously ill newborns and children in low‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
A variety of in-service emergency care training courses are currently being promoted as a strategy to improve the quality of care provided to seriously ill newborns and children in low-income countries. Most courses have been developed in high-income coun
- Insoles for prevention and treatment of back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
There is lack of theoretical and clinical knowledge of the use of insoles for prevention or treatment of back pain. The high incidence of back pain and the popularity of shoe insoles call for a systematic review of this practice.
- Inspiratory muscle training for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2013
In some people with asthma, expiratory airflow limitation, premature closure of small airways, activity of inspiratory muscles at the end of expiration and reduced pulmonary compliance may lead to lung hyperinflation. With the increase in lung volume, che
- Inspiratory muscle training for the recovery of function after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2012
Inspiratory muscle weakness has been observed in patients with stroke. Inspiratory muscle training is an intervention that has shown possible effects for functional recovery of patients with stroke.
- Inspiratory muscle training, with or without concomitant pulmonary rehabilitation, for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jan-2023
Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) aims to improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance. Clinical trials used various training protocols, devices and respiratory measurements to check the effectiveness of this intervention. The current guidelines repo
- Institutional versus at-home long term care for functionally dependent older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
An increasing number of functionally dependent older people require care and medical treatment. Increasingly governments are shifting resources into community care expecting both reduction in costs and improvement in the quality of care. However, it is di
- Instruments for assessing readiness to commence suck feeds in preterm infants: effects on time to establish full oral feeding and duration of hospitalisation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2016
One of the most challenging milestones for preterm infants is the acquisition of safe and efficient feeding skills. The majority of healthy full term infants are born with skills to coordinate their suck, swallow and respiration. However, this is not the
- Instruments for assisted vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2021
Assisted vaginal births are carried out to expedite birth for the benefit of mothers and babies but are sometimes associated with significant morbidity for both. Various instruments are available, broadly divided into forceps and vacuum cups, and choice m
