Showing 3681-3700 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Laparoscopic versus Open surgery for small bowel Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2010
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that most commonly involves the terminal ileum and colon (55 percent). Surgical treatment is required in approximately 70 percent of patients. Multiple procedures and repeat operations are requi
- Laparoscopic versus open surgery for suspected appendicitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2010
Laparoscopic surgery for acute appendicitis has been proposed to have advantages over conventional surgery.
- Laparoscopic versus open surgery in small bowel obstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2010
Acute intestinal obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies. The small bowel obstruction (SBO) is the site of obstruction in most patients (76%) and adhesions are the most common etiology (65%). Laparoscopy in SBO has no clear role yet as
- Laparoscopic versus open surgical techniques for ventral or incisional hernia repair
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2011
There are many different techniques currently in use for ventral and incisional hernia repair. Laparoscopic techniques have become more common in recent years, although the evidence is sparse.
- Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2014
Colorectal cancer including rectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the western world. For colon carcinoma, laparoscopic surgery is proven to result in faster postoperative recovery, fewer complications and better cosmetic results
- Laparoscopic versus small-incision cholecystectomy for patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Cholecystectomy is one of the most frequently performed operations. Open cholecystectomy has been the gold standard for over 100 years. Small-incision cholecystectomy is a less frequently used alternative. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced in th
- Laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy versus radical abdominal hysterectomy for the treatment of early cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2013
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women and is the most frequent cause of death from gynaecological cancers worldwide. Standard surgical management for selected early-stage cervical cancer is radical hysterectomy. Traditionally, radic
- Laparoscopy for diagnosing resectability of disease in patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
The presence of residual tumour after primary debulking surgery is the most important prognostic factor in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. In up to 60% of cases, residual tumour of more than 1 cm is left behind, stressing the necessity of accuratel
- Laparoscopy for the management of acute lower abdominal pain in women of childbearing age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-May-2014
This is an updated version of the original review, published in Issue 1, 2011, of The Cochrane Library. Acute lower abdominal pain is common, and making a diagnosis is particularly challenging in premenopausal women, as ovulation and menstruation symptoms
- Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for benign ovarian tumour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Over the last 10 years laparoscopy and minilaparotomy have become increasingly common approaches for the surgical removal of benign ovarian tumours. However, in the event that a tumour is found to be malignant, laparotomy is the appropriate procedure. Car
- Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for FIGO stage I ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2016
This is an updated version of the original review that was first published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 4. Laparoscopy has become an increasingly common approach to surgical staging of apparent early-stage ovarian tumours. Th
- Laparoscopy versus laparotomy for the management of early stage endometrial cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2015
Traditionally, surgery for endometrial cancer (hysterectomy with removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries) is performed through laparotomy. It has been suggested that the laparoscopic approach is associated with a reduction in operative morbidity. Over
- Laquinimod for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2013
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated, inflammatory, demyelinating, neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, and it causes major socioeconomic burden for the individual patient and for society. An inflammatory pathology occ
- Larvivorous fish for preventing malaria transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2013
Adult anopheline mosquitoes transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Some fish species eat mosquito larvae and pupae. In disease control policy documents, the World Health Organization includes biological control of malaria vectors by stocking po
- Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2011
Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) administration is one way of delivering surfactant to the infant lung, with the potential benefit of avoiding endotracheal intubation and ventilation, ventilator induced lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
- Laryngeal mask airway versus bag-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Providing effective positive pressure ventilation is the single most important component of successful neonatal resuscitation. Ventilation is frequently initiated with a manual resuscitation bag and face-mask (BMV) followed by endotracheal intubation (ETT
- Laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube for percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in critically ill adult patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2014
Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is one of the most common bedside surgical procedures performed in critically ill adult patients on intensive care units (ICUs) who require long-term ventilation. PDT is generally associated with relevant life-
- Laser and photoepilation for unwanted hair growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Unwanted hair growth is a therapeutic challenge and considerable resources are spent to achieve a hair-free appearance. Epilation with laser devices (alexandrite, diode, neodymium:YAG, and ruby lasers) and intense pulsed light are commonly used although t
- Laser peripheral iridoplasty for angle-closure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2012
Angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world. Treatment is aimed at opening the anterior chamber angle and lowering the IOP with medical and/or surgical treatment (e.g. trabeculectomy, lens extraction). Laser iridotomy
- Laser photocoagulation for choroidal neovascularisation in pathologic myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2008
Pathologic myopia is usually defined as the need for a spectacle correction of -6 diopters or higher. Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) is the most commonly occurring cause of visual loss in people with pathologic myopia. In myopic macular degeneration t
