Showing 3741-3760 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Levothyroxine or minimally invasive therapies for benign thyroid nodules
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2014
Thyroid nodules (TN) are common in the adult population. Some physicians use suppressive levothyroxine (LT4) therapy to achieve a reduction in the number and volume of TN. In addition, minimally invasive treatments, such as percutaneous ethanol injection
- LHRH agonists for adjuvant therapy of early breast cancer in premenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2009
Approximately 60% of breast cancers amongst premenopausal women express the nuclear oestrogen receptor (ER+ breast cancer). Adjuvant endocrine therapy is an integral component of care for ER+ breast cancer, exerting its effect by reducing the availability
- Lidocaine for preventing postoperative sore throat
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2015
Sore throat is a common side-effect of general anaesthesia and is reported by between 30% and 70% of patients after tracheal intubation. The likelihood of a sore throat varies with the type, diameter, and cuff pressure of the endotracheal tube used. If in
- Lidocaine for reducing propofol-induced pain on induction of anaesthesia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2016
Pain on propofol injection is an untoward effect and this condition can reduce patient satisfaction. Intravenous lidocaine injection has been commonly used to attenuate pain on propofol injection. Although many studies have reported that lidocaine was eff
- Lidocaine-prilocaine cream for analgesia during circumcision in newborn boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2015
Neonates routinely undergo tissue-damaging interventions as part of medical treatment. The skin is the site of noxious stimulation for many procedures, including circumcision. EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) penetrates intact skin and has the
- Life skills programmes for chronic mental illnesses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2015
Most people with schizophrenia have a cyclical pattern of illness characterised by remission and relapses. The illness can reduce the ability of self-care and functioning and can lead to the illness becoming disabling. Life skills programmes, emphasising
- Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2011
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4% to 18% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive, metabolic and psychological dysfunction. Obesity worsens the presentation of PCOS and weight management (weight loss, maintenance or prevent
- Lifestyle interventions for acute gout
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2013
Although lifestyle interventions are often recommended in the management of chronic gout, the evidence from trial data of the benefits and safety of using lifestyle interventions for treating acute gout attacks have not previously been examined in a syste
- Lifestyle interventions for chronic gout
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2013
Although lifestyle interventions are commonly recommended in the management of patients with chronic gout, the evidence from trial data for their benefits and safety has not been previously examined in a systematic review.
- Lifestyle modification for obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jun-2009
Obstructive sleep apnoeas are due to transient closure of the upper airway during sleep and merge into hypopnoeas in which the airway narrows, but some airflow continues. They are due to the forces compressing the airway overcoming those which stabilise i
- Lifestyle modifications for nonalcohol‐related fatty liver disease: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2021
The prevalence of nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease (NAFLD) varies between 19% and 33% in different populations. NAFLD decreases life expectancy and increases the risks of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and requirement for liver transplan
- Light therapy for improving cognition, activities of daily living, sleep, challenging behaviour, and psychiatric disturbances in dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2014
Rest-activity and sleep-wake cycles are controlled by the endogenous circadian rhythm generated by the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Degenerative changes in the SCN appear to be a biological basis for circadian disturbances in people w
- Light therapy for non-seasonal depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2009
Efficacy of light therapy for non-seasonal depression has been studied without any consensus on its efficacy.
- Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2019
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes that most commonly occurs during autumn or winter and remits in spring. The prevalence of SAD ranges from 1.5% to 9%, depending on latitude. The predictable sea
- Light-emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
Phototherapy is the mainstay of treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. The commonly used light sources for providing phototherapy are special blue fluorescent tubes, compact fluorescent tubes and halogen spotlights. However, light emitting diodes (LED
- Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2008
A key component of many asthma management guidelines is the recommendation for patient education and regular medical review. A number of controlled trials have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of asthma education programmes. These programmes im
- Linezolid versus vancomycin for skin and soft tissue infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2015
The morbidity and treatment costs associated with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are high. Linezolid and vancomycin are antibiotics that are commonly used in treating skin and soft-tissue infections, specifically those infections due to methicill
- Lipid-lowering agents for nephrotic syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2013
Nephrotic syndrome is the collective name given to a group of symptoms that include proteinuria, lipiduria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, hypercholesterolaemia, elevated triglycerides, and hyperlipidaemia. Hyperlipidaemia is thought to aggravate glomeruloscle
- Lipid-lowering efficacy of atorvastatin
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Mar-2015
This represents the first update of this review, which was published in 2012. Atorvastatin is one of the most widely prescribed drugs and the most widely prescribed statin in the world. It is therefore important to know the dose-related magnitude of effec
- Lipid-lowering efficacy of rosuvastatin
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2014
Rosuvastatin is one of the most potent statins and is currently widely prescribed. It is therefore important to know the dose-related magnitude of effect of rosuvastatin on blood lipids.
