Showing 361-380 of 640 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Knee length versus thigh length graduated compression stockings for prevention of deep vein thrombosis in postoperative surgical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2012
Graduated compression stockings (GCS) are a valuable means of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalised postoperative surgical patients. But it is still unclear whether knee length graduated compression stockings (KL) or thigh length (TL) stockings are more effe
- Laryngeal mask airway versus bag‐mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2018
Providing effective positive pressure ventilation is considered to be the single most important component of successful neonatal resuscitation. Ventilation is frequently initiated manually with bag and face mask (BMV) followed by endotracheal intubation i
- Laser photocoagulation for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Laser photocoagulation was the first treatment introduced to try to halt the progression of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which newly formed vessels or choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) grow under the macula leading to the occurr
- Laser therapy for venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2014
Around one percent of people in industrialised countries will suffer from a leg ulcer at some time. The majority of these leg ulcers are due to problems in the veins, resulting in an accumulation of blood in the legs. Leg ulcers arising from venous proble
- Laxatives for the treatment of hemorrhoids.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
Symptomatic hemorrhoids are a common medical condition, which increase in prevalence in women during pregnancy and postpartum. Although the evidence appears to be inconclusive, narrative reviews and clinical practice guidelines recommend the use of laxati
- Lipid‐lowering for peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Lipid-lowering therapy is recommended for secondary prevention in people with coronary artery disease. It may also reduce cardiovascular events and/or local disease progression in people with lower limb peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
- Local versus general anaesthesia for carotid endarterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2021
Carotid endarterectomy may significantly reduce the risk of stroke in people with recently symptomatic, severe carotid artery stenosis. However, there are significant perioperative risks that may be minimised by performing the operation under local rather
- Long‐term effects of weight‐reducing diets in people with hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2021
All major guidelines for antihypertensive therapy recommend weight loss. Dietary interventions that aim to reduce body weight might therefore be a useful intervention to reduce blood pressure and adverse cardiovascular events associated with hypertension.
- Long‐term non‐pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Most persons with prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose) are overweight, and obesity worsens the metabolic and physiologic abnormalities associated with this condition. Prediabetes is an important risk factor for the developm
- Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2017
The glycaemic index (GI) is a physiological measure of the ability of a carbohydrate to affect blood glucose. Interest is growing in this area for the clinical management of people at risk of, or with, established cardiovascular disease. There is a need t
- Low molecular weight heparins versus unfractionated heparin for acute coronary syndromes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2010
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are an important source of morbidity and mortality. Despite weak evidence for the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH) for acute coronary syndromes it is considered an accepted treatment for unstable angina and non-ST segment
- Low‐molecular‐weight heparins or heparinoids versus standard unfractionated heparin for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2017
Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) and heparinoids are anticoagulants that may have more powerful antithrombotic effects than standard unfractionated heparin (UFH) but a lower risk of bleeding complications. This is an update of the original Cochrane R
- Lubeluzole for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
Experimental studies have shown that ischaemic insults cause excess release of excitatory amino acid (EAA) neurotransmitters, particularly glutamate. Glutamate re-uptake is impaired under ischaemic conditions. In preclinical models of stroke, antagonists
- Magnesium sulfate for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs in approximately 1.9 per 1000 newborns and may be more frequent in developing countries. There is strong evidence for the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenat
- Magnesium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Epidemiological evidence on the effects of magnesium on blood pressure is inconsistent. Metabolic and experimental studies suggest that magnesium may have a role in the regulation of blood pressure.
- Magnetic resonance imaging versus computed tomography for detection of acute vascular lesions in patients presenting with stroke symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used for the diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke but its sensitivity for the early detection of intracerebral haemorrhage has been debated. Computed tomography (CT) is extensively used in the clinical manag
- Mailuoning for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2015
Mailuoning is widely used in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in China. Animal experimental studies and clinical pharmacological research indicate that mailuoning might improve blood circulation, prevent ischaemic injury, and protect heart and brai
- Maintenance therapy with calcium channel blockers for preventing preterm birth after threatened preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2013
Calcium channel blocker maintenance therapy is one of the types of tocolytic therapy that may be used after an episode of threatened preterm labour (and usually an initial dose of tocolytic therapy) in an attempt to prevent the onset of further preterm co
- Mannitol for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Mannitol is an osmotic agent and a free radical scavenger which might decrease oedema and tissue damage in stroke.
- Mechanical bowel preparation for elective colorectal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
The presence of bowel contents during colorectal surgery has been related to anastomotic leakage, but the belief that mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) is an efficient agent against leakage and infectious complications is based on observational data and
