Showing 361-380 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for short-term catheter bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2013
Urinary tract infections account for about 40% of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections, and about 80% of urinary tract infections acquired in hospital are associated with urinary catheters.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites, without gastro-intestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Feb-2009
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is frequent among cirrhotic patients, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Selective intestinal decontamination employing antibiotics is a proposed prophylactic measure. While data regarding this modality
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery for proximal femoral and other closed long bone fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Surgical site infection and other hospital-acquired infections cause significant morbidity after internal fixation of fractures. The administration of antibiotics may reduce the frequency of infections.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Aug-2008
Systemic antibiotics and antibiotic-impregnated shunt systems are often used to prevent shunt infection.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical site infection in people undergoing liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2015
Surgical site infection is more frequent in liver transplantation than in other types of solid organ transplantation with different antibiotics. Studies have shown that the rate of surgical site infection varies from 8.8% to 37.5% after liver transplantat
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) related complications in surgical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2013
Risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection after surgery is generally low, but affects up to 33% of patients after certain types of surgery. Postoperative MRSA infection can occur as surgical site infections (SSIs), chest infecti
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for third- and fourth-degree perineal tear during vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2014
One to eight per cent of women suffer third-degree perineal tear (anal sphincter injury) and fourth-degree perineal tear (rectal mucosa injury) during vaginal birth, and these tears are more common after forceps delivery (28%) and midline episiotomies. Th
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for transrectal prostate biopsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2011
Transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB) is a well established procedure used to obtain tissue for the histological diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate. Despite the fact that TRPB is generally considered a safe procedure, it may be accompanied by traumatic a
- Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in Issue 3, 2004 and previously updated in 2007.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for cesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2011
Prophylactic antibiotics for cesarean section have been shown to reduce the incidence of maternal postoperative infectious morbidity. Many different antibiotic regimens have been reported to be effective.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis for preventing infection after cesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2014
The single most important risk factor for postpartum maternal infection is cesarean section. Although guidelines endorse the use of prophylactic antibiotics for women undergoing cesarean section, there is not uniform implementation of this recommendation.
- Antibiotic regimens for management of intraamniotic infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2014
Intraamniotic infection is associated with maternal morbidity and neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and death. Although antibiotic treatment is accepted as the standard of care, few studies have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of different antibiotic
- Antibiotic regimens for management of intra-amniotic infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2014
Chorioamnionitis is a common infection that affects both mother and infant. Infant complications associated with chorioamnionitis include early neonatal sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. Chorioamnionitis can also result in maternal morbidity such as pelv
- Antibiotic regimens for postpartum endometritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2015
Postpartum endometritis occurs when vaginal organisms invade the endometrial cavity during the labor process and cause infection. This is more common following cesarean birth. The condition warrants antibiotic treatment.
- Antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis of gastrointestinal origin in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2012
Secondary peritonitis is associated with a high mortality rate and if not treated successfully leads to development of abscesses, severe sepsis and multi-organ failure. Source control and adjunctive antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment. However, no c
- Antibiotic regimens for suspected early neonatal sepsis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Early acquired infection may cause severe illness or death in the neonatal period. Prompt treatment with antibiotics has shown to reduce mortality. It is not clear which antibiotic regimen is suitable for treatment of presumed early neonatal sepsis.
- Antibiotic regimens for suspected late onset sepsis in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2012
Late onset neonatal sepsis (systemic infection after 48 hours of age) continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Early treatment with antibiotics is essential as infants can deteriorate rapidly. It is not clear which antibiotic regime
- Antibiotic regimens for the empirical treatment of newborn infants with necrotising enterocolitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2012
Although the exact aetiology of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) remains unknown, research suggests that it is multifactorial; suspected pathophysiological mechanisms include immaturity, intestinal ischaemia, disruption of intestinal mucosal integrity, for
- Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2014
Respiratory tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs in most people with cystic fibrosis. Once chronic infection is established, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is virtually impossible to eradicate and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity
- Antibiotic therapy for preventing infections in patients with acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
Stroke is the main cause of disability in high income countries and ranks second as a cause of death worldwide. Infections occur frequently after stroke and may adversely affect outcome. Preventive antibiotic therapy in the acute phase of stroke may reduc
