Showing 21-40 of 99 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Congenital problems 
- Dopamine versus no treatment to prevent renal dysfunction in indomethacin-treated preterm newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Indomethacin therapy for closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) frequently causes oliguria and occasionally more serious renal dysfunction. Low dose dopamine has been suggested as a means for preventing this side effect.
- Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy type I
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by degeneration of anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, which leads to progressive muscle weakness. Children with SMA type I will never be able to sit without support and usually die by the age of two years. Ther
- Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by degeneration of anterior horn cells, which leads to progressive muscle weakness. Children with SMA type II do not develop the ability to walk without support and have a shortened life expectancy, whereas children
- Early (< 7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2021
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major problem for infants born extremely preterm. Persistent inflammation in the lungs is important in its pathogenesis. Systemic corticosteroids have been used to prevent or treat BPD because of their potent ant
- Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Both prophylactic and early surfactant replacement therapy reduce mortality and pulmonary complications in ventilated infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with later selective surfactant administration. However, continued post-surfact
- Early volume expansion for prevention of morbidity and mortality in very preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Reduced perfusion of organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract may lead to acute dysfunction and be associated with permanent injury. Various strategies have been used to provide cardiovascular support to preterm infants incl
- Effects and safety of periconceptional oral folate supplementation for preventing birth defects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2015
It has been reported that neural tube defects (NTD) can be prevented with periconceptional folic acid supplementation. The effects of different doses, forms and schemes of folate supplementation for the prevention of other birth defects and maternal and i
- Electropalatography for articulation disorders associated with cleft palate
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2009
Cleft palate is the most common congenital deformity of the face. It could affect speech acquisition, resulting in articulation errors that could persist into adulthood. Electropalatography (EPG) has been used in speech therapy with individuals who have a
- Enhanced glucose control for preventing and treating diabetic neuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2012
There are two types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes affects younger people and needs treatment with insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes affects older people and can usually be treated by diet and oral drugs. Diabetic neuropathy affects 10% of patients with d
- Enzyme replacement therapy for Anderson-Fabry disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked defect of glycosphingolipid metabolism. Progressive renal insufficiency is a major source of morbidity, additional complications result from cardio- and cerebro-vascular involvement. Survival is reduced among affected
- Feeding interventions for growth and development in infants with cleft lip, cleft palate or cleft lip and palate
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Cleft lip and cleft palate are common birth defects, affecting about one baby of every 700 born. Feeding these babies is an immediate concern and there is evidence of delay in growth of children with a cleft as compared to those without clefting. In an ef
- Furosemide for prevention of morbidity in indomethacin-treated infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis mediates closure of the ductus arteriosus and renal side effects after indomethacin administration. Because furosemide increases prostaglandin production, it could potentially help prevent indomethacin-related toxicit
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Chronic antipsychotic drug treatment may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a long-term movement disorder. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist drugs, which have intense sedative properties and may exacerbate psychotic symptoms, have been used to treat TD.
- Gastrostomy feeding versus oral feeding alone for children with cerebral palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2013
Children with cerebral palsy can be significantly disabled in terms of their ability to suck, chew and swallow. This can lead to significant impairment in feeding and, eventually, to undernutrition. It can also result in aspiration of food into the lungs.
- Heparin for pregnant women with acquired or inherited thrombophilias
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Aug-2012
Thrombophilias, which are associated with a predisposition to thrombotic events, have been implicated in adverse obstetrical outcomes such as intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth, severe early onset pre-eclampsia, and placental abruption. Heparin a
- Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicates the clinical course of preterm infants and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. Indomethacin has been the standard treatment to close a PDA but is associated with renal, gastrointestinal and cerebral side-effe
- Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2015
Indomethacin is used as standard therapy to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) but is associated with reduced blood flow to several organs. Ibuprofen, another cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, may be as effective as indomethacin with fewer adverse effects.
- Immunoglobulin for preventing respiratory syncytial virus infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2008
Respiratory Syncytial virus, the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children in industrialized countries, is associated with increased morbidity in premature infants with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia a
- Independent living programmes for improving outcomes for young people leaving the care system
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Independent living programmes (ILPs) are designed to provide young people leaving care with skills that will limit their disadvantage and aid in their successful transition into adulthood. Programmes focus on personal development, independent living skill
- Indomethacin for asymptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2009
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in premature infants. Indomethacin is an effective treatment to close a PDA, and has been used for many years with several treatment regimes, including prophylactic use i
