Showing 21-40 of 753 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pharmacotherapeutics 
- Amphotericin B versus fluconazole for controlling fungal infections in neutropenic cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2014
Systemic fungal infection is considered to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, particularly those with neutropenia. Antifungal drugs are often given prophylactically, or empirically to patients with persistent fever.
- Anabolic steroids for the treatment of weight loss in HIV-infected individuals
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Individuals with HIV infection often lose weight during the course of their disease. Furthermore, low serum concentrations of testosterone are common in individuals with HIV infection, particularly those with weight loss. Treatment of weight loss with ana
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids for alcoholic liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2008
Alcohol is one of the most common causes of liver disease in the Western World. Randomised clinical trials have examined the effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids for alcoholic liver disease.
- Analgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2010
For decades, the indication of analgesia in patients with Acute Abdominal Pain (AAP) has been deferred until the definitive diagnosis has been made, for fear of masking symptoms, generating a change in the physical exploration or obstructing the diagnosis
- Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIRA) are considered to be equally effective for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but renal and not mortality outcomes have usually been considered.
- Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Feb-2013
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a serious complication of preterm birth and the primary cause of early neonatal mortality and disability.
- Antenatal phenobarbital for reducing neonatal jaundice after red cell isoimmunization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2009
Neonates from isoimmunized pregnancies have increased morbidity from neonatal jaundice. The increased bilirubin from haemolysis often needs phototherapy, exchange transfusion or both after birth. Various trials in pregnant women who were not isoimmunized
- Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation frequently recurs after restoration of normal sinus rhythm. Antiarrhythmic drugs have been widely used to prevent recurrence, but the effect of these drugs on mortality and
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Feb-2015
Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who are neutropenic following chemotherapy for malignancy. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the incidence of bacterial infections but not in
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrauterine contraceptive device insertion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2012
Concern about the risk of upper genital tract infection (pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)) often limits use of the intrauterine device (IUD), a highly effective contraceptive. Prophylactic antibiotic administration around the time of induced abortion sig
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for third- and fourth-degree perineal tear during vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2014
One to eight per cent of women suffer third-degree perineal tear (anal sphincter injury) and fourth-degree perineal tear (rectal mucosa injury) during vaginal birth, and these tears are more common after forceps delivery (28%) and midline episiotomies. Th
- Antibiotic prophylaxis regimens and drugs for cesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2011
Prophylactic antibiotics for cesarean section have been shown to reduce the incidence of maternal postoperative infectious morbidity. Many different antibiotic regimens have been reported to be effective.
- Antibiotic regimens for management of intraamniotic infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2014
Intraamniotic infection is associated with maternal morbidity and neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and death. Although antibiotic treatment is accepted as the standard of care, few studies have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of different antibiotic
- Antibiotic regimens for postpartum endometritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2015
Postpartum endometritis occurs when vaginal organisms invade the endometrial cavity during the labor process and cause infection. This is more common following cesarean birth. The condition warrants antibiotic treatment.
- Antibiotic regimens for secondary peritonitis of gastrointestinal origin in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2012
Secondary peritonitis is associated with a high mortality rate and if not treated successfully leads to development of abscesses, severe sepsis and multi-organ failure. Source control and adjunctive antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment. However, no c
- Antibiotic regimens for suspected late onset sepsis in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2012
Late onset neonatal sepsis (systemic infection after 48 hours of age) continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Early treatment with antibiotics is essential as infants can deteriorate rapidly. It is not clear which antibiotic regime
- Antibiotic treatment for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2011
Clostridium difficile is recognized as a frequent cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis.
- Antibiotics / anti-inflammatories for reducing acute inflammatory episodes in lymphoedema of the limbs
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2008
Lymphoedema is a chronic, progressive condition and one area of debate is the optimum management for infective/inflammatory episodes (AIE's).
- Antibiotics for acute laryngitis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-May-2015
This is an update of the original review published in 2005. Acute laryngitis is a common illness worldwide. Diagnosis is often made by case history alone and treatment often targets symptoms.
- Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2015
Sinusitis is one of the most common diagnoses among adults in ambulatory care, accounting for 15% to 21% of all adult outpatient antibiotic prescriptions. However, the role of antibiotics for sinusitis is controversial.
