Showing 21-40 of 197 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Hematologic 
- Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2011
Antiretroviral drugs reduce viral replication and can reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV either by lowering plasma viral load in pregnant women or through post-exposure prophylaxis in their newborns. In rich countries, highly active antiretroviral
- Antithrombotic agents for preventing thrombosis after infrainguinal arterial bypass surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2011
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is frequently treated by either an infrainguinal autologous (using the patient's own veins) or synthetic graft bypass. The rate of occlusion of the graft after one year is between 12% and 60%. To prevent occlusion, patien
- Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation following high‐dose chemotherapy for nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2017
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a highly heterogeneous group of rare malignant solid tumors. Nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (NRSTS) comprise all STS except rhabdomyosarcoma. In people with advanced local or metastatic disease, autologous hematopo
- Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for sexual transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2008
Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain at great risk for HIV infection. Program planners and policy makers need descriptions of interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention funding and r
- Beta-lactam versus beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy in cancer patients with neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2016
Continued controversy surrounds the optimal empirical treatment for febrile neutropenia. New broad-spectrum beta-lactams have been introduced as single treatment, and classically, a combination of a beta-lactam with an aminoglycoside has been used.
- Bezafibrate for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2011
Treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis is complicated. There are studies suggesting that bezafibrate, alone or in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), is effective in the treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis, but no systematic review has summar
- Bisphosphonates for osteoporosis in primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2011
Bisphosphonates are widely used for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis often have osteoporosis - either postmenopausal or secondary to the liver disease. No systematic review or meta-analysis has assessed the
- Blood transfusion for preventing primary and secondary stroke in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jul-2020
Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest severe monogenic disorders in the world, due to the inheritance of two abnormal haemoglobin (beta globin) genes. Sickle cell disease can cause severe pain, significant end-organ damage, pulmonary complications,
- Blood transfusion for treating malarial anaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-1999
Blood transfusion is used in patients with severe malarial anaemia, but risks adverse reactions, transmission of disease, and is complicated to organize in developing countries.
- Blood transfusions for anaemia in patients with advanced cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Anaemia occurs in 68% to 77% of patients with advanced cancer, however, only a minority of patients who are admitted to a hospice receive a blood transfusion. It is unclear what the benefit of blood transfusion is in advanced cancer, who is most likely to
- Blood transfusions for treating acute chest syndrome in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2020
Sickle cell disease is an inherited autosomal recessive blood condition and is one of the most prevalent genetic blood diseases worldwide. Acute chest syndrome is a frequent complication of sickle cell disease, as well as a major cause of morbidity and th
- Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2010
Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have prompted reconsideration of the use of allogeneic (from an unrelated donor) red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and a range of techniques to minimise transfusion requirements.
- Clotting factor concentrates given to prevent bleeding and bleeding-related complications in people with hemophilia A or B
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2011
The hallmark of severe hemophilia is recurrent bleeding into joints and soft tissues with progressive joint damage, notwithstanding on-demand treatment. Prophylaxis has long been used but not universally adopted because of medical, psychosocial, and cost
- Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a fatal bone marrow cancer. Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) are frequently administered during and after chemotherapy to reduce complications. However, their safety with regard to disease-related outcomes and survival
- Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention of myelosuppressive therapy‐induced febrile neutropenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in childhood and febrile neutropenia is a potentially life-threatening side effect of its treatment. Current treatment consists of supportive care plus antibiotics. Clinical trials have attempt
- Comparison of first‐line chemotherapy including escalated BEACOPP versus chemotherapy including ABVD for people with early unfavourable or advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2017
There are two different international standards for the treatment of early unfavourable and advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL): chemotherapy with escalated BEACOPP (bleomycin/etoposide/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide/vincristine/procarbazine/prednisone) re
- Condom effectiveness in reducing heterosexual HIV transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
The amount of protection that condoms provide for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections is unknown. Cohort studies of sexually active HIV serodiscordant couples with follow-up of the seronegative partner, provide a situation in which a seronegativ
- Corticosteroid regimens for treatment of acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) after allogenic stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Corticosteroids are commonly used in treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Nevertheless, there has been no systematic analysis of effects of their use on the patients' survival and quality of life.
- Corticosteroids for Guillain‐Barré syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2016
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute paralysing disease caused by inflammation of the peripheral nerves, which corticosteroids would be expected to benefit.
- Cotrimoxazole for prophylaxis or treatment of opportunistic infections of HIV/AIDS in patients with previous history of hypersensitivity to cotrimoxazole
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Opportunistic infections continue to cause a significant amount of morbidity and mortality worldwide in patients infected with HIV. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole) is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of several opportunistic infections.
