Showing 21-40 of 214 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Renal 
- Antibiotics for treating lower urinary tract infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2014
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants and children. Lower UTI is the most commonly presenting and in the majority of cases can be easily treated with a course of antibiotic therapy with no further complica
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2021
Sore throat is a common reason for people to present for medical care and to be prescribed antibiotics. Overuse of antibiotics in primary medicine is a concern, hence it is important to establish their efficacy in treating sore throat and preventing secon
- Anticholinergic drugs versus non-drug active therapies for non-neurogenic overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Overactive bladder syndrome is defined as urgency with or without urgency incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia. Pharmacotherapy with anticholinergic drugs is often the first line medical therapy, either alone or as an adjunct to various non-p
- Anticholinergic drugs versus other medications for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Overactive bladder syndrome is defined as "urgency with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia". It is a common condition with significant economic and quality of life implications. While the condition's pathophysiology remains
- Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Around 16% of adults have symptoms of overactive bladder (urgency with frequency and/or urge incontinence). The prevalence increases with age. Anticholinergic drugs are commonly used to treat this condition.
- Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients.
- Antihypertensive drug therapy for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2014
Mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy is common. Antihypertensive drugs are often used in the belief that lowering blood pressure will prevent progression to more severe disease, and thereby improve the outcome.
- Antihypertensive treatment for kidney transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2009
In some nontransplant populations, effects of different antihypertensive drug classes vary. Relative effects in kidney transplant recipients are uncertain.
- Antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is used as substitutive treatment of renal function in a large proportion (15-50%) of the end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) population. The major limitation is peritonitis which leads to technique failure, hospitalisation and increa
- Antimicrobial agents for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2010
Acute uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common problems for which young women seek medical attention.
- Antiviral medications for preventing cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2013
The risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in solid organ transplant recipients has resulted in the frequent use of prophylaxis with the aim of preventing the clinical syndrome associated with CMV infection. This is an update of a review first published
- Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2008
Artificial and bioartificial liver support systems may 'bridge' patients with acute or acute-on-chronic liver failure to liver transplantation or recovery.
- Atrial natriuretic peptide for preventing and treating acute kidney injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2009
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hospitalised patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite recent advances, outcomes have not substantially changed in the last four decades. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has shown
- Base administration or fluid bolus for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with metabolic acidosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2010
Metabolic acidosis in the early newborn period is associated with adverse outcomes in preterm infants. The most commonly used strategies to correct metabolic acidosis are intravascular infusion of base, for example sodium bicarbonate, and intravascular in
- Bicarbonate versus lactate solutions for acute peritoneal dialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2014
The high mortality rate among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) remains an unsolved problem in intensive care medicine, despite the use of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Increasing evidence from clinical studies in adults and childr
- Bile acids for liver-transplanted patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Liver transplantation has become a widely accepted form of treatment for numerous end-stage liver diseases. Bile acids may decrease allograft rejection after liver transplantation by changing the expression of major histocompatibility complex class molecu
- Bile acids for primary sclerosing cholangitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2010
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a progressive chronic cholestatic liver disease that usually leads to the development of cirrhosis. Studies evaluating bile acids in the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis have shown a potential benefit of their
- Biocompatible hemodialysis membranes for acute renal failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Acute renal failure (ARF) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Some studies have reported a survival advantage among patients dialyzed with biocompatible membranes (BCM) compared to bioincompatible membranes (BICM). These findings were
- Biofeedback and/or sphincter exercises for the treatment of faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Faecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. Anal sphincter exercises (pelvic floor muscle training) and biofeedback therapy have been used to treat the symptoms o
- Bladder neck needle suspension for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2014
Bladder neck needle suspension is an operation traditionally used for moderate or severe stress urinary incontinence in women. About a third of adult women experience some urinary incontinence, and about a third of these have moderate or severe symptoms.
