Showing 381-400 of 419 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Perinatal and infant 
- Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-1996
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovasc
- Topical emollient for preventing infection in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-May-2021
Breakdown of the developmentally immature epidermal barrier may permit entry for micro-organisms leading to invasive infection in preterm infants. Topical emollients may improve skin integrity and barrier function and thereby prevent invasive infection, a
- Topical umbilical cord care at birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Umbilical cord infection caused many neonatal deaths before aseptic techniques were used.
- Topical Vitamin A, or its derivatives, for treating and preventing napkin dermatitis in infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Napkin dermatitis (nappy or diaper rash) is a non-specific term used to describe inflammatory eruptions (rashes) in the napkin area. Most infants develop napkin dermatitis at least once during their infancy. Topical vitamin A has been suggested as a treat
- Tracheal gas insufflation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) is a technique where a continuous flow of gas is instilled into the lower trachea during conventional mechanical ventilation. TGI can improve carbon dioxide removal with lower ventilation pressures and smaller tidal volumes
- Tracheal suctioning without disconnection in intubated ventilated neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Assisted mechanical ventilation is a necessity in the neonatal population for a variety of respiratory and surgical conditions. However, there are a number of potential hazards associated with this life saving intervention. New suctioning techniques have
- Transfer of preterm infants from incubator to open cot at lower versus higher body weight
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
A key criterion for discharging preterm infants home from nurseries is their ability to maintain temperature once transferred from incubators to open cots. The timing of transfer is important given the preterm infant's immature thermoregulatory mechanisms
- Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Enteral feeding tubes for preterm infants may be placed in the stomach (gastric tube feeding) or in the upper small bowel (transpyloric tube feeding). There are potential advantages and disadvantages to both routes.
- Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter design (end vs. side hole)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. Immediately after insertion of a UAC, local vascular compromise is frequently evident, usually in the form of blue or white toes, but
- Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of catheter materials
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. There seems to be significant variance between neonatal intensive care units in exactly how these catheters are used. This variance i
- Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of heparin
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. There seems to be significant variance between neonatal intensive care units in exactly how these catheters are used. This variance i
- Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of position of the catheter tip
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-1999
Umbilical arterial catheters (UACs) are among the most commonly used monitoring methodologies in neonatal intensive care. There seems to be significant variance between neonatal intensive care units in exactly how these catheters are used. This variance i
- Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2021
Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (chickenpox) are serious diseases that can lead to serious complications, disability, and death. However, public debate over the safety of the trivalent MMR vaccine and the resultant drop in vaccination coverage in s
- Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Aug-2010
Injected cholera vaccines are rarely used today, although they may have some benefit. It is valuable to summarize the evidence for effectiveness of injected cholera vaccines for comparison with newer oral vaccines (subject of a separate Cochrane Review).
- Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in health-care workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for health-care workers.
- Vaccines for preventing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2015
Chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis results in progressive lung damage. Once colonisation of the lungs with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs, it is almost impossible to eradicate. Vaccines, aimed at reducing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2018
The consequences of influenza in adults are mainly time off work. Vaccination of pregnant women is recommended internationally. This is an update of a review published in 2014. Future updates of this review will be made only when new trials or vaccines be
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2018
The consequences of influenza in children and adults are mainly absenteeism from school and work. However, the risk of complications is greatest in children and people over 65 years of age. This is an update of a review published in 2011. Future updates o
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Influenza vaccination is recommended for asthmatic patients in many countries as observational studies have shown that influenza infection can be associated with asthma exacerbations. However, influenza vaccination has the potential to cause wheezing and
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2014
Viral respiratory tract infections in people with cystic fibrosis have a deteriorating effect on their lung function and disease progression. Annual influenza vaccination is therefore commonly recommended for people with cystic fibrosis.
