Showing 4221-4240 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Nasal saline irrigations for the symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The use of nasal irrigation for the treatment of nose and sinus complaints has its foundations in yogic and homeopathic traditions. There has been increasing use of saline irrigation, douches, sprays and rinsing as an adjunct to the medical management of
- Nasal versus oral intubation for mechanical ventilation of newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Endotracheal intubation is a common procedure in newborn intensive care units. The choice of the oral or nasal route for intubation is usually determined by an institution's customary practice. The procedure of intubation for both the oral and nasal route
- Nasal versus oral route for placing feeding tubes in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2013
Enteral feeding tubes for preterm or low birth weight infants may be placed via either the nose or mouth. Nasal placement may compromise respiration. However, orally placed tubes may be more prone to displacement, local irritation, and vagal stimulation.
- Natalizumab for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease involves migration of leukocytes into gut tissue and subsequent inflammation. Natalizumab (Tysabri®, Elan Pharmaceuticals and Biogen Idec) a recombinant humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that blocks adhesion and subseq
- Natalizumab for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2011
Natalizumab (NTZ) (Tysabri®) is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits leukocyte migration across the blood-brain barrier, thus reducing inflammation in central nervous system, and has been approved worldwide for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple
- Natural cycle in vitro fertilisation (IVF) for subfertile couples
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2013
Subfertility affects 15% to 20% of couples trying to conceive. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is one of the assisted reproduction techniques developed to improve chances of achieving pregnancy. In the standard IVF method with controlled ovarian hyperstimula
- Near-infrared spectroscopy for fetal assessment during labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2012
Over the past four decades, continuous electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) has been increasingly employed to detect fetal acidaemia in labour, with a view toward prevention of hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, permanent neurologic injury, and death. Althoug
- Nebulised deoxyribonuclease for viral bronchiolitis in children younger than 24 months
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2012
Bronchiolitis is one of the most common respiratory problems in the first year of life. The sputum of infants with bronchiolitis has increased deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content, leading to mucous plugging and airway obstruction. Recombinant human deoxyr
- Nebulised hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2010
Impaired mucociliary clearance characterises lung disease in cystic fibrosis (CF). Hypertonic saline (HS) enhances mucociliary clearance in vitro and may lessen the destructive inflammatory process in the airways.
- Nebulised hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2013
Airway oedema and mucus plugging are the predominant pathological features in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. Nebulised hypertonic saline solution may reduce these pathological changes and decrease airway obstruction.
- Nebulised morphine for severe interstitial lung disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jun-2011
The evidence to support the use of nebulized morphine to improve dyspnoea and exercise limitation in terminally ill patients with chronic lung disease is conflicting.
- Nebulised surfactant in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2012
Nebulised surfactant has the potential to deliver surfactant to the infant lung with the goal of avoiding endotracheal intubation and ventilation, ventilator-induced lung injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
- Nebuliser systems for drug delivery in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2013
Nebuliser systems are used to deliver medications to control the symptoms and the progression of lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis. Many types of nebuliser systems are available for use with various medications; however, there has been no previo
- Nebulized and oral thiol derivatives for pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2015
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition resulting in thickened, sticky respiratory secretions. Respiratory failure, due to recurrent pulmonary infection and inflammation, is the most common cause of mortality. Muco-active therapies (e.g. dornase alfa an
- Nebulized epinephrine for croup in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2013
Croup is a common childhood illness characterized by barky cough, stridor, hoarseness and respiratory distress. Children with severe croup are at risk for intubation. Nebulized epinephrine may prevent intubation.
- Nebulized racemic epinephrine for extubation of newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2010
Following a period of mechanical ventilation, post-extubation upper airway obstruction can occur in newborn infants, especially after prolonged, traumatic or multiple intubations. The subsequent increase in upper airway resistance may lead to respiratory
- Nedocromil sodium for chronic asthma in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Currently inhaled corticosteroids are the main stay in the maintenance treatment of chronic asthma in children. Although inhaled corticosteroids play a crucial role in the management of childhood asthma, the long-term side effects of inhaled corticosteroi
- Nedocromil sodium for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2009
Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) following strenuous physical exertion afflicts many people. It can be the cause of sub-optimal performance, symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, wheeze and chest tightness, and can lead people to avoid physical activ
- Nedocromil sodium versus sodium cromoglycate for preventing exercise-induced bronchoconstriction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Nedocromil sodium and sodium cromoglycate inhaled shortly before exercise appear to reduce the severity of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. There is some debate over which drug may be more effective.
- Needle aspiration versus intercostal tube drainage for pneumothorax in the newborn
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jan-2016
Pneumothorax occurs more frequently in the neonatal period than at any other time of life and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. It may be treated with either needle aspiration or insertion of a chest tube. The former consists of aspira
