Showing 421-440 of 642 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2021
Oral anticoagulants may improve the survival of people with cancer through an antithrombotic effect, yet increase the risk of bleeding.
- Oral anti-diabetic agents for women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus/impaired glucose tolerance or previous gestational diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2011
While most guidelines recommend the use of insulin in women whose pregnancies are affected by pre-existing diabetes, oral agents have obvious benefits for patient acceptability and adherence. It is necessary, however, to assess the effects of these anti-d
- Oral antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2022
In people with acute ischaemic stroke, platelets become activated and can cause blood clots to form and block an artery in the brain, resulting in damage to part of the brain. Such damage gives rise to the symptoms of stroke. Antiplatelet therapy might re
- Oral beta-blockers for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2012
Antihypertensives, such as beta-blockers, are used for pregnancy hypertension in the belief these will improve outcome for mother and baby.
- Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat the dehydration caused by diarrhoeal diseases, including cholera. ORS formulations with an osmolarity (a measure of solute concentration) of = 270 mOsm/L (ORS = 270) are safe and more effective than ORS for
- Oral vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2012
Many different drugs have been suggested for the symptomatic treatment of primary Raynaud's phenomenon. Apart from calcium channel blockers, which are considered the drugs of choice, the evidence of the effects of alternative pharmacological treatments is
- Oral versus intravenous rehydration for treating dehydration due to gastroenteritis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Dehydration associated with gastroenteritis is a serious complication. Oral rehydration is an effective and inexpensive treatment, but some physicians prefer intravenous methods.
- Oral zinc for arterial and venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2014
Leg ulcers affect up to one percent of people at some time in their life. Leg ulceration is chronic in nature and ulcers may be present for months or even years without healing. After healing there is a high risk of recurrence. Treatments include wound dr
- Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2014
Organised stroke unit care is provided by multidisciplinary teams that exclusively manage stroke patients in a ward dedicated to stroke patients, with a mobile stroke team or within a generic disability service (mixed rehabilitation ward).
- Overground physical therapy gait training for chronic stroke patients with mobility deficits
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2009
Overground gait training forms a major part of physical therapy services for chronic stroke patients in almost every setting. Overground gait training refers to physical therapists' observation and cueing of the patient's walking pattern along with relate
- Oxygen therapy during exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2009
Exercise training within the context of pulmonary rehabilitation improves outcomes of exercise capacity, dyspnea and health-related quality of life in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Supplemental oxygen in comparison to plac
- Oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2013
Oxygen (O2) is widely used in people with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) although it has been suggested it may do more harm than good. Previous systematic reviews have concluded that there was insufficient evidence to know whether oxygen reduced, incre
- Oxygen therapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jul-2013
The most serious complications of cystic fibrosis (CF) relate to respiratory insufficiency. Oxygen supplementation therapy has long been a standard of care for individuals with chronic lung diseases associated with hypoxemia. Physicians commonly prescribe
- Oxygen therapy in the pre-hospital setting for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2008
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world, is characterised by acute deterioration in symptoms. During these exacerbations, people are prone to developing alveolar hypoventilation, whic
- Pacing for drug-refractory or drug-intolerant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2012
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease with an autosomal-dominant inheritance for which negative inotropes are the most widely used initial therapies. Observational studies and small randomised trials have suggested symptomatic and functio
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Patch angioplasty versus primary closure for carotid endarterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2022
Carotid patch angioplasty may reduce the risk of acute occlusion or long-term restenosis of the carotid artery and subsequent ischaemic stroke in people undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published i
- Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2010
Carotid patches for carotid endarterectomy may be made from an autologous vein or synthetic material.
- Patient education for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2014
Ulceration of the feet, which can result in loss of limbs and even death, is one of the major health problems for people with diabetes mellitus.
- Patient education in the management of coronary heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a complex multifaceted intervention consisting of three core modalities: education, exercise training and psychological support. Whilst exercise and psychological interventions for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD)
