Showing 421-440 of 640 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2021
Oral anticoagulants may improve the survival of people with cancer through an antithrombotic effect, yet increase the risk of bleeding.
- Oral anti‐diabetic agents for women with established diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance or previous gestational diabetes planning pregnancy, or pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2017
While most guidance recommends the use of insulin in women whose pregnancies are affected by pre-existing diabetes, oral anti-diabetic agents may be more acceptable to women. The effects of these oral anti-diabetic agents on maternal and infant health out
- Oral antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2022
In people with acute ischaemic stroke, platelets become activated and can cause blood clots to form and block an artery in the brain, resulting in damage to part of the brain. Such damage gives rise to the symptoms of stroke. Antiplatelet therapy might re
- Oral beta‐blockers for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Antihypertensives, such as beta-blockers, are used for pregnancy hypertension in the belief these will improve outcome for mother and baby.
- Oral rehydration salt solution for treating cholera: ≤ 270 mOsm/L solutions vs ≥ 310 mOsm/L solutions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is used to treat the dehydration caused by diarrhoeal diseases, including cholera. ORS formulations with an osmolarity (a measure of solute concentration) of = 270 mOsm/L (ORS = 270) are safe and more effective than ORS for
- Oral versus intravenous rehydration for treating dehydration due to gastroenteritis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Dehydration associated with gastroenteritis is a serious complication. Oral rehydration is an effective and inexpensive treatment, but some physicians prefer intravenous methods.
- Oral zinc for arterial and venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2014
Leg ulcers affect up to one percent of people at some time in their life. Leg ulceration is chronic in nature and ulcers may be present for months or even years without healing. After healing there is a high risk of recurrence. Treatments include wound dr
- Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2020
Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care is provided by multi-disciplinary teams that manage stroke patients. This can been provided in a ward dedicated to stroke patients (stroke ward), with a peripatetic stroke team (mobile stroke team), or within a gener
- Overground physical therapy gait training for chronic stroke patients with mobility deficits
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Overground gait training forms a major part of physical therapy services for chronic stroke patients in almost every setting. Overground gait training refers to physical therapists' observation and cueing of the patient's walking pattern along with relate
- Oxygen therapy during exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2009
Exercise training within the context of pulmonary rehabilitation improves outcomes of exercise capacity, dyspnea and health-related quality of life in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Supplemental oxygen in comparison to plac
- Oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2016
Oxygen (O2) is widely used in people with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Previous systematic reviews concluded that there was insufficient evidence to know whether oxygen reduced, increased or had no effect on heart ischaemia or infarct size. Our firs
- Oxygen therapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jul-2013
The most serious complications of cystic fibrosis (CF) relate to respiratory insufficiency. Oxygen supplementation therapy has long been a standard of care for individuals with chronic lung diseases associated with hypoxemia. Physicians commonly prescribe
- Oxygen therapy in the pre‐hospital setting for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2020
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global leading cause of morbidity and mortality, characterised by acute deterioration in symptoms. During these exacerbations, people are prone to developing alveolar hypoventilation, which may be partly c
- Pacing for drug‐refractory or drug‐intolerant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease with an autosomal-dominant inheritance for which negative inotropes are the most widely used initial therapies. Observational studies and small randomised trials have suggested symptomatic and functio
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Patch angioplasty versus primary closure for carotid endarterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Carotid patch angioplasty (with either a venous or a synthetic patch) may reduce the risk of carotid artery restenosis and subsequent ischaemic stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published in 1995 and previously updated in 2004.
- Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2021
Extracranial carotid artery stenosis is the major cause of stroke, which can lead to disability and mortality. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with carotid patch angioplasty is the most popular technique for reducing the risk of stroke. Patch material may be
- Patient education for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2014
Ulceration of the feet, which can result in loss of limbs and even death, is one of the major health problems for people with diabetes mellitus.
- Pegloticase for chronic gout
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Pegloticase is a potential new treatment option for patients with chronic gout intolerant to other urate-lowering therapies.
- Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2018
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is the most commonly used physical therapy treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). It is sometimes also recommended for mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and, less commonly, urgency urinary incontinen
