Showing 421-440 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Somatostatin analogues for acute bleeding oesophageal varices
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2012
Somatostatin and its derivatives are sometimes used for emergency treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
- Somatostatin analogues for pancreatic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2013
Pancreatic resections are associated with high morbidity (30% to 60%) and mortality (5%). Synthetic analogues of somatostatin are advocated by some surgeons to reduce complications following pancreatic surgery; however, their use is controversial.
- Soy formula for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Allergies and food reactions in infants and children are common and may be associated with a variety of foods including adapted cow's milk formula. Soy based formulas have been used to treat infants with allergy or food intolerance. However, it is unclear
- Specialist nursing interventions for inflammatory bowel disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2009
The number, type and roles of specialist nurses dedicated to the care and management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease is increasing. Despite this increase, there has been little evidence to date to demonstrate the effectiveness of specialist nu
- Sphincterotomy for biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2008
The sphincter of Oddi regulates both bile and pancreatic juice flow into the duodenum. When dysfunction occurs it leads to problems relating to either the bile or pancreatic ducts. On the biliary side, the most common problem is recurrent biliary type pai
- Stabilisation splint therapy for temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2016
Pain dysfunction syndrome (PDS) is the most common temporomandibular disorder (TMD). There are many synonyms for this condition including facial arthromyalgia, TMJ dysfunction syndrome, myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome, craniomandibular dysfunction and
- Stapled versus conventional surgery for hemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2010
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal disorders. The Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy is the most widely practiced surgical technique used for the management of hemorrhoids and is considered the current "gold standard". Circular stapled he
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Previous systematic reviews comparing stapled and handsewn colorectal anastomosis that are available in the medical literature have not shown either technique to be superior. An update of this systematic review was performed to find out if there are any d
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for ileocolic anastomoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jul-2011
Ileocolic anastomoses are commonly performed for right-sided colon cancer and Crohn's disease. The anastomosis may be constructed using a linear cutter stapler or by suturing. Individual trials comparing stapled versus handsewn ileocolic anastomoses have
- Stimulant laxatives for constipation and soiling in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2008
Constipation is extremely common in childhood and may lead to overflow soiling/encopresis. Standard treatment of the more severe case is to empty the bowels of impacted faeces by the use of oral or rectal laxatives and then maintain regular bowel movement
- Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2015
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications following surgery and anaesthesia. Antiemetic drugs are only partially effective in preventing PONV. An alternative approach is to stimulate the PC6 acupoint on the wrist. This is an update
- Strategies for detecting colon cancer and/or dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
Patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis and colonic Crohn's disease have an increased risk of colorectal cancer compared with the general population. This review assesses the evidence that endoscopic surveillance may prolong life by allowing earlier
- Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Protein Energy Malnutrition is an important cause of child morbidity and mortality in middle- and low-income countries. It has been suggested that excessive free radical activity may be responsible for the clinical manifestation of kwashiorkor. Antioxidan
- Supportive care for patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2009
This review is an update of a previously published update review in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Issue 4, 2006) on this topic. No new studies have been identified from the update search and the conclusions are not altered. Supportive care
- Surgery for complete (full-thickness) rectal prolapse in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Nov-2015
Complete (full-thickness) rectal prolapse is a lifestyle-altering disability that commonly affects older people. The range of surgical methods available to correct the underlying pelvic floor defects in full-thickness rectal prolapse reflects the lack of
- Surgery for faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2013
Faecal incontinence is a debilitating problem with significant medical, social and economic implications. Treatment options include conservative, non-operative interventions (for example pelvic floor muscle training, biofeedback, drugs) and surgical proce
- Surgery for the resolution of symptoms in malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Mar-2016
This is an update of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 4, 2000. Intestinal obstruction commonly occurs in progressive advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancers. Management of these patients is difficult due to the patients' deteri
- Surgery for weight loss in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2014
Bariatric (weight loss) surgery for obesity is considered when other treatments have failed. The effects of the available bariatric procedures compared with medical management and with each other are uncertain. This is an update of a Cochrane review first
- Surgery versus radical endotherapies for early cancer and high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's oesophagus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Oct-2012
Barrett's oesophagus is one of the most common pre-malignant lesions in the world. Currently the mainstay of therapy is surgical management of advanced cancer but this has improved the five-year survival very little since the 1980s. As a consequence, impr
- Surgical intervention for anorectal fistula
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Surgery for anorectal fistula may result in recurrence, or impairment of continence. The ideal treatment for anorectal fistulae should be associated with low recurrence rates, minimal incontinence and good quality of life.
