Showing 421-440 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2010
Bacterial infections are a frequent complication in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Antibiotic prophylaxis seems to decrease the incidence of bacterial infections. Oral antibiotics, active against enteric bacteria, have been c
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for corneal abrasion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-May-2022
Corneal abrasion is a common disorder frequently faced by ophthalmologists, emergency physicians, and primary care physicians. Ocular antibiotics are one of the management options for corneal abrasion. A comprehensive summary and synthesis of the evidence
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for elective hysterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2017
Elective hysterectomy is commonly performed for benign gynaecological conditions. Hysterectomy can be performed abdominally, laparoscopically, or vaginally, with or without laparoscopic assistance. Antibiotic prophylaxis consists of administration of anti
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for episiotomy repair following vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2017
Bacterial infections occurring during labour, childbirth, and the puerperium may be associated with considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic prophylaxis might reduce wound infection incidence after an episiotomy, particularl
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrauterine contraceptive device insertion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-1999
Concern about the risk of upper genital tract infection (pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)) often limits use of the intrauterine device (IUD), a highly effective contraceptive. Prophylactic antibiotic administration around the time of induced abortion sig
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Leptospira infection is a global zoonosis with significant health impact for agricultural workers and those persons whose work or recreation takes them into endemic areas.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2008
Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms. Dog and cat bites are the most common and people are usually bitten by their own pets or by an animal known to them. School-age children make up
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2020
Vacuum and forceps assisted vaginal deliveries are reported to increase the incidence of postpartum infections and maternal readmission to hospital compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Prophylactic antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent these infec
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Sep-2010
The use of prophylactic antibiotics before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is recommended by all major international gastroenterological societies, especially in the presence of an obstructed biliary system. Their use is intended to
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2010
Cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure. In the open cholecystectomy area, antibiotic prophylaxis showed beneficial effects, but it is not known if its benefits and harms are similar in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Some clinical trials suggest tha
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing bacterial endocarditis following dental procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2022
Infective endocarditis is a severe infection arising in the lining of the chambers of the heart. It can be caused by fungi, but most often is caused by bacteria. Many dental procedures cause bacteraemia, which could lead to bacterial endocarditis in a sma
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing burn wound infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-May-2013
Infection of burn wounds is a serious problem because it can delay healing, increase scarring and invasive infection may result in the death of the patient. Antibiotic prophylaxis is one of several interventions that may prevent burn wound infection and p
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infectious complications in orthognathic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2014
Orthognathic surgery (OS) is a term that refers to many elective surgical techniques to correct facial deformity; the associated malocclusion and functional disorders related to the stomatognathic system. Whilst such surgery is classed as "clean-contamina
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2015
Basilar skull fractures predispose patients to meningitis because of the possible direct contact of bacteria in the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx or middle ear with the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage has been associated w
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing post solid organ transplant tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Mar-2014
Organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of infection as a result of immunosuppression caused inadvertently by medical treatment. Tuberculosis (TB) is a challenging infection to manage among organ transplant recipients that can be transmitted fro
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernia repair
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2020
Inguinal or femoral hernia is a tissue protrusion in the groin region and has a cumulative incidence of 27% in adult men and of 3% in adult women. As most hernias become symptomatic over time, groin hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed su
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for short‐term catheter bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2013
Urinary tract infections account for about 40% of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections, and about 80% of urinary tract infections acquired in hospital are associated with urinary catheters.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites, without gastro‐intestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is frequent among cirrhotic patients, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Selective intestinal decontamination employing antibiotics is a proposed prophylactic measure. While data regarding this modality
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery for proximal femoral and other closed long bone fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Surgical site infection and other hospital-acquired infections cause significant morbidity after internal fixation of fractures. The administration of antibiotics may reduce the frequency of infections.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Systemic antibiotics and antibiotic-impregnated shunt systems are often used to prevent shunt infection.
