Showing 441-460 of 589 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pregnancy and childbirth 
- Progestogen for preventing miscarriage in women with recurrent miscarriage of unclear etiology
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2019
Progesterone, a female sex hormone, is known to induce secretory changes in the lining of the uterus essential for successful implantation of a fertilized egg. It has been suggested that a causative factor in many cases of miscarriage may be inadequate se
- Progestogen for treating threatened miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2018
Miscarriage is a common complication encountered during pregnancy. It is defined as spontaneous pregnancy loss before 20 weeks' gestation. Progesterone's physiological role is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of the embryo, enhance uterine quies
- Progestogen‐releasing intrauterine systems versus other forms of reversible contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Hormonally impregnated intrauterine systems (IUSs) add a progestogen to a non-medicated contraceptive device to improve contraceptive action.
- Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour with intact membranes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2013
The aetiology of preterm birth is complex and there is evidence that subclinical genital tract infection influences preterm labour in some women but the role of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in the management of preterm labour is controversial. Since
- Prophylactic antibiotics for manual removal of retained placenta in vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2014
Retained placenta is a potentially life-threatening condition because of its association with postpartum hemorrhage. Manual removal of placenta increases the likelihood of bacterial contamination in the uterine cavity.
- Prophylactic ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Feb-2018
The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: ergometrine-oxytocin (Sy
- Prophylactic intravenous preloading for regional analgesia in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
Reduced uterine blood flow from maternal hypotension may contribute to fetal heart rate changes which are common following regional analgesia (epidural or spinal or combined spinal-epidural (CSE)) during labour. Intravenous fluid preloading may help to re
- Prophylactic oral betamimetics for preventing preterm labour in singleton pregnancies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2010
Preterm birth occurs in up to 6% to 10% of all births and is the major complication of pregnancy associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity. Previous preterm delivery is a strong predictor for preterm labour, and the earlier the birth, the more lik
- Prophylactic oral betamimetics for reducing preterm birth in women with a twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2015
Twin pregnancies are associated with a high risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity due to an increased rate of preterm birth. Betamimetics can decrease contraction frequency or delay preterm birth in singleton pregnancies by 24 to 48 hours. The efficacy
- Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Apr-2019
Active management of the third stage of labour reduces the risk of postpartum blood loss (postpartum haemorrhage (PPH)), and is defined as administration of a prophylactic uterotonic, early umbilical cord clamping and controlled cord traction to facilitat
- Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jun-2018
Previous research has shown that the prophylactic use of uterotonic agents in the third stage of labour reduces postpartum blood loss and moderate to severe postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). PPH is defined as a blood loss of 500 mL or more within 24 hours aft
- Prophylactic versus selective antibiotics for term newborn infants of mothers with risk factors for neonatal infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2008
Early onset bacterial infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn infants. Various factors that increase the risk of neonatal infection have been identified. It is unclear whether asymptomatic newborn infants born to mothers with
- Prophylactic versus selective blood transfusion for sickle cell anaemia during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2012
Sickle cells have a shorter life span than normal red blood cells. It has been suggested that pregnancy complications for women with sickle cell anaemia may be reduced by regular blood transfusions. The aim is to maintain haemoglobin at 60-70% of the norm
- Prophylactic versus therapeutic amnioinfusion for oligohydramnios in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Amnioinfusion aims to relieve umbilical cord compression during labour by infusing a liquid into the uterine cavity.
- Prostaglandins before caesarean section for preventing neonatal respiratory distress
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2013
Respiratory distress (RD) can occur in both preterm and term neonates born through normal vaginal delivery or caesarean section (CS). It accounts for about 30% of neonatal deaths and can occur at any time following birth. Respiratory distress syndrome (RD
- Prostaglandins for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Induction of labour after prelabour rupture of membranes may reduce the risk of neonatal infection. However an expectant approach may be less likely to result in caesarean section.
- Prostaglandins for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2012
Prostaglandins have mainly been used for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) when other measures fail. Misoprostol, a new and inexpensive prostaglandin E1 analogue, has been suggested as an alternative for routine management of the third stage of labour.
- Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The conventional method of induction of labour is with intravenous oxytocin. More recently, induction with prostaglandins, followed by an infusion of oxytocin if necessary, has been used.
- Prostaglandins versus oxytocin for prelabour rupture of membranes at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The conventional method of induction of labour is with intravenous oxytocin. More recently, induction with prostaglandins, followed by an infusion of oxytocin if necessary, has been used.
- Protein‐containing synthetic surfactant versus protein‐free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. RDS is caused by a deficiency, dysfunction, or inactivation of pulmonary surfactant. Numerous surfactants of either animal extract or synthetic desig
