Showing 4641-4660 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Low bacterial diet versus control diet to prevent infection in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy causing episodes of neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2019
Neutropenia is a potentially serious side effect of chemotherapy and a major risk factor for infection, which can be life-threatening. It has been hypothesised that a low bacterial diet (LBD) can prevent infection and (infection-related) mortality in canc
- Low dialysate sodium levels for chronic haemodialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2019
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of death in dialysis patients, and strongly associated with fluid overload and hypertension. It is plausible that low dialysate [Na+] may decrease total body sodium content, thereby reducing fluid overload
- Low dosage tricyclic antidepressants for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Tricyclic antidepressants are still extensively prescribed worldwide. Evidence for the recommended dosage of tricyclics, however, is poor.
- Low dose naltrexone for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2018
Crohn’s disease is a transmural, relapsing inflammatory condition afflicting the digestive tract. Opioid signalling, long known to affect secretion and motility in the gut, has been implicated in the inflammatory cascade of Crohn’s disease. Low dose naltr
- Low dose versus high dose stavudine for treating people with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2015
Stavudine remains a component of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-constrained countries due to its relatively low cost despite the WHO recommendation for its phasing out as a strategy to reduce stavudine associated toxicities. Where st
- Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2017
The glycaemic index (GI) is a physiological measure of the ability of a carbohydrate to affect blood glucose. Interest is growing in this area for the clinical management of people at risk of, or with, established cardiovascular disease. There is a need t
- Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Obesity is increasingly prevalent, yet the nutritional management remains contentious. It has been suggested that low glycaemic index or load diets may stimulate greater weight loss than higher glycaemic index or load diets or other weight reduction diets
- Low glycaemic index, or low glycaemic load, diets for diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
The aim of diabetes management is to normalise blood glucose levels, since improved blood glucose control is associated with reduction in development, and progression, of complications. Nutritional factors affect blood glucose levels, however there is cur
- Low level laser therapy (Classes I, II and III) for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects a large proportion of the population. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) was introduced as an alternative non-invasive treatment for RA about ten years ago. LLLT is a light source that generates extremely pure light, of a sin
- Low level laser therapy (Classes III) for treating osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2010
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects a large portion of the population. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) is a light source that generates extremely pure light, of a single wavelength. The effect is not thermal, but rather related to photochemical reactions in the ce
- Low level laser therapy for nonspecific low-back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Low-back pain (LBP) is a major health problem and a major cause of medical expenses and disablement. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) can be used to treat musculoskeletal disorders such as back pain.
- Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
The main treatment for tuberculosis is antituberculous drugs. Low level laser therapy is used as an adjunct to antituberculous drugs, predominantly in the former Soviet Union and India.
- Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of central venous catheter‐related thrombosis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2020
The prevalence of children diagnosed with thrombotic events has been increasing in the last decades. The most common thrombosis risk factor in neonates, infants and children is the placement of a central venous catheter (CVC). It is unknown if anticoagula
- Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of microvascular occlusion in digital replantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2020
The success of digital replantation is highly dependent on the patency of the repaired vessels after microvascular anastomosis. Antithrombotic agents are frequently used for preventing vascular occlusion. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has been repor
- Low molecular weight heparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower‐limb immobilization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2017
Immobilization of the lower limb is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are anticoagulants, which might be used in adult patients with lower-limb immobilization to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and
- Low molecular weight heparins versus unfractionated heparin for acute coronary syndromes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2010
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are an important source of morbidity and mortality. Despite weak evidence for the use of unfractionated heparin (UFH) for acute coronary syndromes it is considered an accepted treatment for unstable angina and non-ST segment
- Low oxygen concentrations for embryo culture in assisted reproductive technologies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2012
During in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedures, human preimplantation embryos are cultured in the laboratory. While some laboratories culture in an atmospheric oxygen concentration (˜ 20%), others use a lower concentration (˜ 5%) as this is more comparabl
- Low pressure versus standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2014
A pneumoperitoneum of 12 to 16 mm Hg is used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Lower pressures are claimed to be safe and effective in decreasing cardiopulmonary complications and pain.
- Low protein diets for non‐diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2020
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as reduced function of the kidneys present for 3 months or longer with adverse implications for health and survival. For several decades low protein diets have been proposed for participants with CKD with the aim of
- Low versus high haemoglobin concentration threshold for blood transfusion for preventing morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2011
Infants of very low birth weight often receive multiple transfusions of red blood cells, usually in response to predetermined haemoglobin or haematocrit thresholds. In the absence of better indices, haemoglobin levels are imperfect but necessary guides to
