Showing 4681-4700 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Paliperidone palmitate, a long-acting, intramuscular formulation of paliperidone, is now available for clinical use. Paliperidone is an active metabolite of risperidone and it is also available in an oral formulation for daily use.
- Palivizumab for preventing severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Nov-2021
Respiratory viruses are the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and hospitalisation in infants and young children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main infectious agent in this population. Palivizumab is administered intramu
- Palivizumab for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-May-2014
Respiratory syncytial virus infection causes acute lung infection in infants and young children worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Children with cystic fibrosis are prone to recurrent lung inflammation, bacterial colonisation an
- Palliation of metastatic bone pain: single fraction versus multifraction radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2011
Recent randomised studies reported that single fraction radiotherapy was as effective as multifraction radiotherapy in relieving pain due to bone metastasis. However, there are concerns about the higher retreatment rates and the efficacy of preventing fut
- Palliative biliary stents for obstructing pancreatic carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2010
Palliative endoscopic stents or surgical by-pass are often required for inoperable pancreatic carcinoma to relieve obstruction of the distal biliary tree. The optimal method of intervention remains unknown.
- Palliative care interventions in advanced dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2021
Dementia is a chronic, progressive and ultimately fatal neurodegenerative disease. Advanced dementia is characterised by profound cognitive impairment, inability to communicate verbally and complete functional dependence. Usual care of people with advance
- Palliative chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
Despite the increasing use of palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, there remains uncertainty as to the true effectiveness of this intervention. This review was therefore undertaken to assess the available evidence for the benefit of pal
- Palliative cytoreductive surgery versus other palliative treatments in patients with unresectable liver metastases from gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
Neuroendocrine tumours are tumours of cells which possess secretory granules and originate from the neuroectoderm. While liver resection is generally advocated in patients with resectable liver alone metastases, the management of patients with liver metas
- Palliative endobronchial brachytherapy for non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2012
This is an updated version of the original review published in Issue 2, 2008 of The Cochrane Library. Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) constitute about 80% of all lung cancer cases. Although surgery is the only curative treatment of NSCLC, fewer than 2
- Palliative interventions for controlling vaginal bleeding in advanced cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2015
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with around 500,000 new diagnoses and 273,000 deaths per year. However, incidence and stage at diagnosis vary greatly between geographic areas and are largely dependent on the availab
- Palliative pharmacological sedation for terminally ill adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Dec-2014
Terminally ill people experience a variety of symptoms in the last hours and days of life, including delirium, agitation, anxiety, terminal restlessness, dyspnoea, pain, vomiting, and psychological and physical distress. In the terminal phase of life, the
- Palliative radiotherapy regimens for patients with thoracic symptoms from non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jan-2015
Palliative radiotherapy to the chest is often used in patients with lung cancer, but radiotherapy regimens are more often based on tradition than research results. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2001 and previously updated in 20
- Palliative surgery versus medical management for bowel obstruction in ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer among women and is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Bowel obstruction is a common feature of advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients with bowel obstruction are generally in poor physical conditi
- Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy for people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2014
Most people with cystic fibrosis (80% to 90%) need pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to prevent malnutrition. Enzyme preparations need to be taken whenever food is taken, and the dose needs to be adjusted according to the food consumed. A systematic r
- Pancreatic enzymes for chronic pancreatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
The efficacy of pancreatic enzymes in reducing pain and improving steatorrhoea is debatable and the evidence base for their utility needs to be determined.
- Paracervical local anaesthesia for cervical dilatation and uterine intervention
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2013
Cervical dilatation and uterine intervention can be performed under sedation, local or general anaesthesia for obstetrics and gynaecological conditions. Many gynaecologists use paracervical local anaesthesia but its effectiveness is unclear. This review w
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2016
Tension-type headache (TTH) affects about 1 person in 5 worldwide. It is divided into infrequent episodic TTH (fewer than one headache per month), frequent episodic TTH (two to 14 headaches per month), and chronic TTH (15 headache days a month or more). P
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low-birth-weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2015
In preterm newborns, the ductus arteriosus frequently fails to close and the infants require medical or surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). A PDA can be treated surgically or medically with one of two prostaglandin inhibitors, indometh
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2015
Newborn infants have the ability to experience pain. Newborns treated in neonatal intensive care units are exposed to numerous painful procedures. Healthy newborns are exposed to pain if the birth process consists of assisted vaginal birth by vacuum extra
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2013
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 11, 2010 (Derry 2010). Migraine is a common, disabling condition and a burden for the individual, health services and society. Many sufferers choose not to, or are unable to, se
