Showing 4701-4720 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Paracetamol for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Feb-2014
Paracetamol has been commonly used for the relief of postoperative pain following oral surgery. In this review we investigated the optimal dose of paracetamol and the optimal time for drug administration to provide pain relief, taking into account the sid
- Paracetamol versus nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2008
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are usually preferred for simple analgesics such as paracetamol for rheumatoid arthritis. It is not clear, however, whether the trade-offs between benefits and harms of NSAIDs are preferable to those of parace
- Paracetamol versus placebo or physical methods for treating fever in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2009
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used for treating fever in children. Like ibuprofen, aspirin, and physical methods (such as fanning), paracetamol aims to provide relief from symptoms and prevent febrile convulsions. Uncertainty exists about the bene
- Paracetamol/acetaminophen (single administration) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2012
Perineal pain is a common but poorly studied adverse outcome following childbirth. Pain may result from perineal trauma due to bruising, spontaneous tears, surgical incisions (episiotomies), or in association with operative births (ventouse or forceps ass
- Paraprofessionals for anxiety and depressive disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
The established mental health care system does not have the resources to meet the extensive need for care of those with anxiety and depressive disorders. Paraprofessionals partially replacing professionals may be cost-effective.
- Parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review on parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy (published in Issue 3, 2007). Salivary gland dysfunction is a predictable side effect of radiothera
- Paravertebral anaesthesia with or without sedation versus general anaesthesia for women undergoing breast cancer surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2021
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Surgical removal of the cancer is the mainstay of treatment; however, tumour handling during surgery can cause microscopic dissemination of tumour cells and disease recurrence. The body's hormon
- Paravertebral block versus thoracic epidural for patients undergoing thoracotomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Mar-2016
Operations on structures in the chest (usually the lungs) involve cutting between the ribs (thoracotomy). Severe post-thoracotomy pain can result from pleural (lung lining) and muscular damage, costovertebral joint (ribcage) disruption and intercostal ner
- Parent training interventions for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by high levels of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that are present before the age of seven years, seen in a range of situations, inconsistent with th
- Parent training programmes for managing infantile colic
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2019
Infantile colic has an effect on both infants and their parents, who become exhausted and concerned as they attempt to comfort their child. Common approaches have focused upon physical treatments to reduce symptoms, with inconclusive evidence as to their
- Parent training support for intellectually disabled parents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Dec-2010
Intellectual disability may impact on an individual’s capacity to parent a child effectively. Research suggests that the number of intellectually disabled people with children is increasing. Children of parents with intellectual disabilities may be at inc
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Parenteral calcium for intensive care unit patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2009
Hypocalcemia is prevalent among critically ill patients requiring intensive care. Several epidemiological studies highlight a direct association between hypocalcemia and mortality. These data provide the impetus for current guidelines recommending parente
- Parenteral fluid regimens for improving functional outcome in people with acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2015
Parenteral fluids are commonly used in people with acute stroke with poor oral fluid intake. However, the balance between benefit and harm for different fluid regimens is unclear.
- Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2011
Parenteral opioids are used for pain relief in labour in many countries throughout the world.
- Parenteral versus oral iron therapy for adults and children with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2011
The anaemia seen in chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be exacerbated by iron deficiency. Iron can be provided through different routes, with advantages and drawbacks of each route. It remains unclear whether the potential harms and additional costs of intr
- Parent-infant psychotherapy for improving parental and infant mental health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jan-2015
Parent-infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a dyadic intervention that works with parent and infant together, with the aim of improving the parent-infant relationship and promoting infant attachment and optimal infant development. PIP aims to achieve this by tar
- Parenting interventions for the prevention of unintentional injuries in childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2013
Parent education and training programmes can improve maternal psychosocial health, child behavioural problems, and parenting practices. This review assesses the effects of parenting interventions for reducing child injury.
- Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2008
Intermittent wheezing illnesses, which include viral associated wheeze and asthma, are amongst the most common reasons for children to present urgently to a doctor. Whether parents should commence oral corticosteroids (OCS) for an episode of acute wheeze
- Parent-mediated early intervention for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2013
Young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have impairments in the areas of communication and social interaction and often display repetitive or non-compliant behaviour. This early pattern of difficulties is a challenge for parents. Therefore, ap
