Showing 4761-4780 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pelvimetry for fetal cephalic presentations at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Pelvimetry assesses the size of a woman's pelvis aiming to predict whether she will be able to deliver or not. This can be done by clinical examination, or by conventional x-rays, computerised tomography scanning, or magnetic resonance imaging.
- Pemetrexed disodium in combination with cisplatin versus other cytotoxic agents or supportive care for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive malignancy whose incidence is expected to increase in the United Kingdom, Western Europe, and Australia over the next 20 years as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos fibres. Surgery is
- Penfluridol for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2012
Penfluridol, available since 1970, is an unusual long acting oral antipsychotic agent for the treatment of schizophrenia. It may be considered a depot medication as it is administered once a week.
- Penicillamine for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
D-penicillamine is a penicillin derived compound originally used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the 1950's. Although frequently used in the past, its use has declined with the increasing use of other disease modifying anti-rheumatic d
- Penicillin for secondary prevention of rheumatic fever
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2013
People with a history of rheumatic fever are at high risk of recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever and developing rheumatic heart disease following a streptococcal throat infection. Giving penicillin to these people can prevent recurrent attacks of rheumat
- Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Aug-2009
Alcoholic hepatitis is a life-threatening disease, with an average mortality of approximately 40%. There is no widely accepted, effective treatment for alcoholic hepatitis. Pentoxifylline is used to treat alcoholic hepatitis, but there has been no systema
- Pentoxifylline for diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2013
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, mostly relating to cardiovascular complications. The relevance of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DKD has been investigated in recent years, and it has been shown that
- Pentoxifylline for diabetic retinopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
There is increasing evidence that capillary occlusion plays an important part in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Disaggregants, such as pentoxyfilline may influence the outcome and progression of diabetic retinopathy, but no systematic review of
- Pentoxifylline for endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Endometriosis is a chronic, recurring condition that occurs during the reproductive years. It is characterized by endometrial tissue developing outside the uterine cavity. This endometrial tissue development is dependent on oestrogen produced primarily by
- Pentoxifylline for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Sep-2015
Intermittent claudication (IC) is a symptom of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Pentoxifylline, one of many drugs used to treat IC, acts by decreasing blood viscosity, improving erythrocyte flexibility
- Pentoxifylline for the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2014
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication in preterm infants. BPD is associated with poor long-term respiratory and neurodevelopmental outcome and increased mortality. The prophylactic use of agents that modulate inflammation such as pento
- Pentoxifylline for treating venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2012
Healing of venous leg ulcers is improved by the use of compression bandaging but some venous ulcers remain unhealed, and some people are unsuitable for compression therapy. Pentoxifylline, a drug which helps blood flow, has been used to treat venous leg u
- Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2015
Mortality and morbidity due to neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remain high despite the use of potent antimicrobial agents. Agents that modulate inflammation may improve outcomes. Pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is one su
- Pentoxifylline, propentofylline and pentifylline for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Sep-2008
Methylxanthine derivatives are vasodilators. They also inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane A2 synthesis, decrease the release of free radicals and may be neuroprotective. This review covers an area where no active research is taking place. It wil
- Perazine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2014
Perazine is an old phenothiazine derivative used for the treatment of people with schizophrenia and is reputed to have a low level of extrapyramidal adverse effects. As far as we are aware, its use is limited to Germany, Poland, the former Yugoslavia and
- Percussion, diuresis, and inversion therapy for the passage of lower pole kidney stones following shock wave lithotripsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2013
Lower pole kidney stones typically have poor rates of spontaneous clearance from the body. Some studies have suggested that diuresis, percussion and inversion therapy could be beneficial for people with lower pole kidney stones following shock wave lithot
- Percutaneous central venous catheters versus peripheral cannulae for delivery of parenteral nutrition in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2015
Neonatal parenteral nutrition may be delivered via peripheral cannulas or central venous catheters (umbilical or percutaneous). As the result of complications associated with umbilical catheters, many neonatal units prefer to use percutaneous catheters af
- Percutaneous cholecystostomy for high-risk surgical patients with acute calculous cholecystitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2013
The management of people at high risk of perioperative death due to their general condition (high-risk surgical patients) with acute calculous cholecystitis is controversial, with no clear guidelines. In particular, the role of percutaneous cholecystostom
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy versus nasogastric tube feeding for adults with swallowing disturbances
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-May-2015
A number of conditions compromise the passage of food along the digestive tract. Nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding is a classic, time-proven technique, although its prolonged use can lead to complications such as lesions to the nasal wing, chronic sinusitis,
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy versus percutaneous radiological gastrostomy for swallowing disturbances
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2016
Gastrostomy has been established as the standard procedure for administering long-term enteral nutrition in individuals with swallowing disturbances. Percutaneous gastrostomy is a less-invasive approach than open surgical gastrostomy, and can be accomplis
