Showing 461-480 of 753 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pharmacotherapeutics 
- Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2014
Although corticosteroids are effective for induction of remission of Crohn's disease, many patients relapse when steroids are withdrawn or become steroid dependent. Furthermore, corticosteroids exhibit significant adverse effects. The success of methotrex
- Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2015
Methotrexate, a folate antagonist, is an immunosuppressant drug that is effective for treating several inflammatory disorders including Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis, a related chronic inflammatory bowel disease, can be challenging to treat. T his u
- Methyldopa for primary hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2009
Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure. Methyldopa is a centrally acting antihypertensive agent, which was commonly used in the 1970's and 80's for blood pressure control. Its use at
- Methylxanthine treatment for apnoea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnoea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of ineffective breathing can lead to hypoxaemia and bradycardia that may be severe enough to require the use of positive pressure ventilation. Methy
- Methylxanthines for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2008
Most international guidelines currently recommend methylxanthines (e.g., theophylline, aminophylline) for severe exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), yet clinical trials underlying this recommendation have been small and underpow
- Methylxanthines for prolonged non-specific cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2010
Non-specific cough is defined as non-productive cough in the absence of identifiable respiratory disease or known aetiology. It is commonly seen in paediatric practice. These children are treated with a variety of therapies including a variety of asthma m
- Micronutrient supplementation in children and adults with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2011
Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread and compound the effects of HIV disease; micronutrient supplements may be effective and safe in reducing this burden.
- Milnacipran versus other antidepressive agents for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2014
Although pharmacological and psychological interventions are both effective for major depression, antidepressant drugs are frequently used as first-line treatment in primary and secondary care settings. Milnacipran, a dual serotonin-norepinephrine reuptak
- Moderately early (7-14 days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2011
Corticosteroids have been used late in the neonatal period to treat chronic lung disease (CLD) in preterm babies, and early to try to prevent it. CLD is likely to be the result of persisting inflammation in the lung and the use of powerful anti-inflammato
- Moderate-term, low-dose corticosteroids for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Low dose corticosteroid use in RA is currently widespread with up to 80% of patients using prednisone or similar corticosteroid preparations in many arthritis practices, but the value of corticosteroids for the treatment of RA has been debated by several
- Molindone for schizophrenia and severe mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Antipsychotic therapy is the mainstay of treatment for people with schizophrenia. In recent years new or atypical antipsychotics have been introduced. These are less likely to produce movement disorders and raise serum prolactin.
- Mu‐opioid antagonists for opioid‐induced bowel dysfunction in people with cancer and people receiving palliative care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Sep-2022
Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OIBD) is characterised by constipation, incomplete evacuation, bloating, and gastric reflux. It is one of the major adverse events (AEs) of treatment for pain in cancer and palliative care, resulting in increased morbidit
- Muscle relaxants for non-specific low-back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
The use of muscle relaxants in the management of non-specific low back pain is controversial. It is not clear if they are effective, and concerns have been raised about the potential adverse effects involved.
- Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for treating tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Some authorities have advocated Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for treating tuberculosis and other infections caused by mycobacteria.
- Naftidrofuryl for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2008
Stroke is the third most common cause of death and the most common cause of disability in the western world. The development of drugs to limit the effects of brain damage caused by stroke continues but no routine effective treatment has yet been identifie
- Neuroleptic reduction and/or cessation and neuroleptics as specific treatments for tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2008
Since the 1950s neuroleptic medication has been extensively used to treat people with chronic mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. These drugs, however, have been also associated with a wide range of adverse effects, including movement disorders such a
- New generation antipsychotics for first episode schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
The new generation antipsychotics are associated with a lower risk of adverse effects compared with drugs such as haloperidol. Many treatment guidelines recommend the use of new generation ('atypical') antipsychotic drugs for people with a first episode o
- Newer atypical antipsychotic medication versus clozapine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic drug, which is claimed to have superior efficacy and to cause fewer movement disorders. However, clozapine carries a significant risk of serious blood disorders. Newer atypical antipsychotics are safer alternatives t
- Newer generation antidepressants for depressive disorders in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Depressive disorders are common in young people and are associated with significant negative impacts. Newer generation antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are often used, however evidence of their effectiveness i
- Nicergoline for dementia and other age associated forms of cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Nicergoline is an ergot derivative currently in use in over fifty countries for more than three decades, for the treatment of cognitive, affective, and behavioral disorders of older people. It was initially considered as a vasoactive drug and mainly presc
