Showing 461-480 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Tranexamic acid for upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2014
Tranexamic acid reduces haemorrhage through its antifibrinolytic effects. In a previous version of the present review, we found that tranexamic acid may reduce mortality. This review includes updated searches and new trials.
- Transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) vs totally extraperitoneal (TEP) laparoscopic techniques for inguinal hernia repair.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
The choice of approach to the laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia is controversial. There is a scarcity of data comparing the laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) approach with the laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach and que
- Transarterial (chemo)embolisation for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2012
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in more than 600,000 deaths per year. Transarterial embolisation (TAE) and transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) have become standard loco-regional treatments for unresectable HCC.
- Transdermal nicotine for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2008
Ulcerative colitis is largely a disease of nonsmokers. Intermittent smokers often experience improvement in their symptoms while smoking. Nonsmokers with ulcerative colitis who begin smoking may go into remission. Randomized controlled trials were develop
- Transparent Cap Colonoscopy versus Standard Colonoscopy to Improve Caecal Intubation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2012
Colonoscopy is considered the gold-standard investigation for screening and diagnosis of colorectal cancer. It is also becoming increasingly desirable for assessment, management, diagnosis and follow-up of other colorectal diseases, such as inflammatory b
- Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2013
Enteral feeding tubes for preterm infants may be placed in the stomach (gastric tube feeding) or in the upper small bowel (transpyloric tube feeding). There are potential advantages and disadvantages to both routes.
- Transverse verses midline incisions for abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2011
The choice of surgical incision in the abdomen is determined by access. It has been suggested that other parameters such as recovery and complication rate may be influenced by utilising a transverse or oblique rather than a midline incision. However, ther
- Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2015
Pouchitis occurs in approximately 50% of patients following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for chronic ulcerative colitis.
- Treatment for Barrett's oesophagus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2013
Treatments for Barrett's oesophagus, the precursor lesion of adenocarcinoma, are available but whether these therapies effectively prevent the development of adenocarcinoma, and in some cases eradicate the Barrett's oesophagus segment, remains unclear.
- Treatment for leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma in children with HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2010
Smooth muscle tumour (SMT) composed of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma recently has been described in many HIV-infected children. Leiomyosarcoma has become the second most frequent malignancy in children with HIV infection or other immunodeficiency diseases
- Treatment for peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2014
Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) that is associated with significant morbidity including death, hospitalisation, and need to change from PD to haemodialysis. Treatment is aimed to reduce morbidity and recurrence. This is an
- T-tube drainage versus primary closure after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2013
T-tube drainage may prevent bile leak from the biliary tract following bile duct exploration and it offers post-operative access to the bile ducts for visualisation and exploration. Use of T-tube drainage after laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) explorat
- T-tube drainage versus primary closure after open common bile duct exploration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2013
Between 5% and 11% of people undergoing cholecystectomy have common bile duct stones. Stones may be removed at the time of cholecystectomy by opening and clearing the common bile duct. The optimal technique is unclear.
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2009
Crohn's disease may be refractory to conventional treatments such as corticosteroids, enteral nutrition and immuno-suppressive agents. A number of patients with the disease may also become steroid-dependent leading to increased risk of developing steroid-
- Tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2009
Crohn's disease may be refractory to conventional treatments including corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Recent studies suggest TNF-a blocking agents may be effective in maintaining remission in Crohn's disease.
- Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2009
Anti-TNF-a agents have been shown to be effective for the induction of remission in Crohn's disease. The role of TNF-a blocking agents in ulcerative colitis is, however, unclear and recent studies have yielded conflicting results.
- Unfractionated or low-molecular weight heparin for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2015
There are a limited number of treatment options for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). An increased risk of thrombosis in UC coupled with an observation that UC patients being treated with anticoagulant therapy for thrombotic events had an improvement
- Ursodeoxycholic acid and/or antibiotics for prevention of biliary stent occlusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Malignant biliary obstruction, which requires endoscopic stenting as palliative therapy, is often complicated by clogging of the stent with subsequent jaundice and/or cholangitis. Stent clogging may be caused by microbiological adhesion and biliary stasis
- Ursodeoxycholic acid for cystic fibrosis-related liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2014
Abnormal biliary secretion leads to the thickening of bile and the formation of plugs within the bile ducts; the consequent obstruction and abnormal bile flow ultimately results in the development of cystic fibrosis-related liver disease. This condition p
- Ursodeoxycholic acid for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2012
Ursodeoxycholic acid is administered to patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, a chronic progressive inflammatory autoimmune-mediated liver disease with unknown aetiology. Despite its controversial effects, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has appr
