Showing 461-480 of 511 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Infectious disease 
- Treatment of severe or progressive Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-infected adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2014
Kaposi's sarcoma remains the most common cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa and the second most common cancer in HIV-infected patients worldwide. Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), there has been a decline in its incidence.
- Treatments for symptomatic urinary tract infections during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2011
Urinary tract infections, including pyelonephritis, are serious complications that may lead to significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is a large number of drugs, and combination of them, available to treat urinary tract infection
- Treatments for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-1999
Toxoplasmosis is a widespread parasitic disease and usually causes no symptoms. However, infection of pregnant women may cause congenital infection, resulting potentially in mental retardation and blindness in the infant.
- Trypanocidal drugs for chronic asymptomatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-May-2014
Prevention of chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC) by treating infected populations with trypanocidal therapy (TT) remains a challenge. Despite a renewed enthusiasm for TT, uncertainty regarding its efficacy, concerns about its safety and limited availab
- Trypanocidal drugs for late‐stage, symptomatic Chagas disease (Trypanosoma cruzi infection)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2020
People with Chagas disease may develop progressive and lethal heart conditions. Drugs to eliminate the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T cruzi) currently carry limited therapeutic value and are used in the early stages of the disease. Extending the use of the
- Type of incision for below knee amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Apr-2014
Below knee amputation (BKA) may be necessary in patients with advanced critical limb ischaemia or diabetic foot sepsis in whom no other treatment option is available. There is no consensus as to which surgical technique achieves the maximum rehabilitation
- Types of indwelling urethral catheters for short-term catheterisation in hospitalised adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Sep-2014
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common hospital-acquired infection. The major associated cause is indwelling urethral catheters. Several measures have been introduced to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). One of these
- Types of indwelling urinary catheters for long‐term bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Prolonged urinary catheterization is common amongst people in long-term care settings and this carries a high risk of developing a catheter-related urinary tract infection and associated complications. A variety of different kinds of urethral catheters ar
- Unit‐dose packaged drugs for treating malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Unit-dose packaging of antimalarial drugs may improve the success of malaria treatments by making it easier for patients to take them correctly.
- Urethral (indwelling or intermittent) or suprapubic routes for short‐term catheterisation in hospitalised adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Dec-2015
Indwelling urethral catheters are often used for bladder drainage in hospital. Urinary tract infection is the most common hospital-acquired infection, and a common complication of urinary catheterisation. Pain, ease of use and quality of life are importan
- Ursodeoxycholic acid and/or antibiotics for prevention of biliary stent occlusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Malignant biliary obstruction, which requires endoscopic stenting as palliative therapy, is often complicated by clogging of the stent with subsequent jaundice and/or cholangitis. Stent clogging may be caused by microbiological adhesion and biliary stasis
- Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2015
Surgical site infection has been estimated to occur in about 15% of clean surgery and 30% of contaminated surgery cases. Using plastic adhesive drapes to protect the wound from organisms that may be present on the surrounding skin during surgery is one st
- Vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2021
Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (chickenpox) are serious diseases that can lead to serious complications, disability, and death. However, public debate over the safety of the trivalent MMR vaccine and the resultant drop in vaccination coverage in s
- Vaccines for preventing anthrax
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Anthrax is a potentially fatal bacterial disease with cutaneous, inhalation, and gastrointestinal forms. Three anthrax vaccines are commercially available, but their comparative effectiveness and safety is not clear.
- Vaccines for preventing anthrax
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Anthrax is a bacterial zoonosis that occasionally causes human disease and is potentially fatal. Anthrax vaccines include a live-attenuated vaccine, an alum-precipitated cell-free filtrate vaccine, and a recombinant protein vaccine.
- Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Aug-2010
Injected cholera vaccines are rarely used today, although they may have some benefit. It is valuable to summarize the evidence for effectiveness of injected cholera vaccines for comparison with newer oral vaccines (subject of a separate Cochrane Review).
- Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in health-care workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for health-care workers.
- Vaccines for preventing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2015
Chronic pulmonary infection in cystic fibrosis results in progressive lung damage. Once colonisation of the lungs with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs, it is almost impossible to eradicate. Vaccines, aimed at reducing infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2018
The consequences of influenza in adults are mainly time off work. Vaccination of pregnant women is recommended internationally. This is an update of a review published in 2014. Future updates of this review will be made only when new trials or vaccines be
- Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2018
The consequences of influenza in children and adults are mainly absenteeism from school and work. However, the risk of complications is greatest in children and people over 65 years of age. This is an update of a review published in 2011. Future updates o
