Showing 4841-4860 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Personal assistance for older adults (65+) without dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
There is a high prevalence of impairments among people 65+, and the elderly population is increasing in the West. Many countries offer personal assistance, individualised support for people living in the community by a paid assistant other than a healthca
- Personalised care planning for adults with chronic or long-term health conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2015
Personalised care planning is a collaborative process used in chronic condition management in which patients and clinicians identify and discuss problems caused by or related to the patient's condition, and develop a plan for tackling these. In essence it
- Personalised risk communication for informed decision making about taking screening tests
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2013
There is a trend towards greater patient involvement in healthcare decisions. Although screening is usually perceived as good for the health of the population, there are risks associated with the tests involved. Achieving both adequate involvement of cons
- Pessaries (mechanical devices) for pelvic organ prolapse in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2013
Pelvic organ prolapse is common, with some degree of prolapse seen in up to 50% of parous women in a clinic setting, although many are asymptomatic. The use of pessaries (a passive mechanical device designed to support the vagina) to treat prolapse is ver
- Pet allergen control measures for allergic asthma in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2008
Although pet removal has been recommended in guidelines on the management of allergic asthma, pet ownership remains high in families where one or more members have an allergy to pet dander. Allergen control measures such as air filtration units placed in
- PET-CT for assessing mediastinal lymph node involvement in patients with suspected resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2016
A major determinant of treatment offered to patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is their intrathoracic (mediastinal) nodal status. If the disease has not spread to the ipsilateral mediastinal nodes, subcarinal (N2) nodes, or both, and the pat
- Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens versus extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens for age-related cataract
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2014
Age-related cataract is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Therefore, it is important to establish the most effective surgical technique for cataract surgery.
- Pharmaceutical interventions for emotionalism after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2022
Antidepressants may be useful in the treatment of abnormal crying associated with stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2004 and last updated in 2019.
- Pharmaceutical policies: effects of cap and co-payment on rational use of medicines
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-May-2015
Growing expenditures on prescription medicines represent a major challenge to many health systems. Cap and co-payment policies are intended as an incentive to deter unnecessary or marginal utilisation, and to reduce third-party payer expenditures by shift
- Pharmaceutical policies: effects of financial incentives for prescribers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2015
The proportion of total healthcare expenditures spent on drugs has continued to grow in countries of all income categories. Policy-makers are under pressure to control pharmaceutical expenditures without adversely affecting quality of care. Financial ince
- Pharmaceutical policies: effects of reference pricing, other pricing, and purchasing policies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2014
Pharmaceuticals are important interventions that could improve people's health. Pharmaceutical pricing and purchasing policies are used as cost-containment measures to determine or affect the prices that are paid for drugs. Internal reference pricing esta
- Pharmaceutical policies: effects of regulating drug insurance schemes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-May-2022
Drug insurance schemes are systems that provide access to medicines on a prepaid basis and could potentially improve access to essential medicines and reduce out-of-pocket payments for vulnerable populations.
- Pharmaceutical policies: effects of restrictions on reimbursement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Public policy makers and benefit plan managers need to restrain rising pharmaceutical drug costs while preserving access and optimizing health benefits.
- Pharmacologic Interventions for Pregnant Women Enrolled in Alcohol Treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2009
Excessive alcohol use during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal effects. It is therefore important to develop and evaluate effective interventions during this important time in a woman's life. To our knowledge there have been
- Pharmacologic interventions for treating phantom limb pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2011
Phantom limb pain (PLP) is pain that arises in the missing limb after amputation and can be severe, intractable and disabling. Various medications have been studied in the treatment of phantom pain. Presently there is uncertainty in the optimal pharmacolo
- Pharmacologic therapies for adults with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2010
Multiple pharmacologic treatments have been studied for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- Pharmacologic treatment of depression in multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2011
Depression is a common problem in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is unclear which pharmacologic treatment is the most effective and the least harmful.
- Pharmacological agents for preventing morbidity associated with the haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2013
Several drugs have been used in attenuating or obliterating the response associated with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. These changes are of little concern in relatively healthy patients but can lead to morbidity and mortality in the high risk pati
- Pharmacological agents for the prevention of vestibular migraine
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2015
Vestibular migraine is a common cause of episodic vertigo. Many preventive treatments have been proposed for this condition, including calcium antagonists, beta-blockers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, selective 5-HT1 agonists, serotonin antagonists an
- Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for reducing rocuronium bromide induced pain on injection in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2016
Rocuronium bromide is a routinely used muscle relaxant in anaesthetic practice. Its use, however, is associated with intense pain on injection. While it is well established that rocuronium bromide injection causes pain in awake patients, anaesthetized pat
