Showing 4881-4900 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Idiopathic hypercalciuria is an inherited metabolic abnormality characterised by excessive amounts of calcium excreted into the urine in patients with normal serum levels of calcium. The morbidity of hypercalciuria is related to kidney stone disease and b
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2014
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder which, after a sufficient delay, may be diagnosed amongst individuals who respond with intense fear, helplessness or horror to traumatic events. There is some evidence that the use of pharma
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2022
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which comprises deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is the leading cause of preventable death in hospitalised people and the third most common cause of mortality in surgical patients. People undergoing bar
- Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2022
Antipsychotic-induced weight gain is an extremely common problem in people with schizophrenia and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Adjunctive pharmacological interventions may be necessary to help manage antipsychotic-induced weight g
- Pharmacological interventions for prevention or treatment of postoperative pain in people undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2014
While laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally considered less painful than open surgery, pain is one of the important reasons for delayed discharge after day-surgery and overnight stay following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The safety and effectiveness
- Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
Smoking in pregnancy is a public health problem. When used by non-pregnant smokers, pharmacotherapies (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and varenicline) are effective for smoking cessation, however, their efficacy and safety in pregnancy rema
- Pharmacological interventions for pruritus in adult palliative care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2015
Pruritus is not the most prevalent but one of the most puzzling symptoms in palliative care patients. It can cause considerable discomfort and has a major impact on patients’ quality of life. In the field of palliative care, pruritus is a symptom occurrin
- Pharmacological interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2014
Between 4% and 25% of school-age children complain of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) of sufficient severity to interfere with daily activities. For the majority, no organic cause for their pain can be found on physical examination or investigation and alt
- Pharmacological interventions for self-harm in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2015
Self-harm (SH; intentional self-poisoning or self-injury) is common, often repeated, and strongly associated with suicide. This is an update of a broader Cochrane review on psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for deliberate SH, first published in
- Pharmacological interventions for self-injurious behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
Self-injurious behaviour among people with intellectual disability is relatively common and often persistent. Self-injurious behaviour continues to present a challenge to clinicians. It remains poorly understood and difficult to ameliorate despite advance
- Pharmacological interventions for sleepiness and sleep disturbances caused by shift work
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2014
Shift work results in sleep-wake disturbances, which cause sleepiness during night shifts and reduce sleep length and quality in daytime sleep after the night shift. In its serious form it is also called shift work sleep disorder. Various pharmacological
- Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature death worldwide. Some medications have been proven to help people to quit, with three licensed for this purpose in Europe and the USA: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and var
- Pharmacological interventions for somatoform disorders in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2014
Somatoform disorders are characterised by chronic, medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS). Although different medications are part of treatment routines for people with somatoform disorders in clinics and private practices, there exists no systema
- Pharmacological interventions for spasticity following spinal cord injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2009
Spasticity is a major health problem for patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI). It limits their mobility and affects their independence in activities of daily living (ADL) and work. Spasticity may also cause pain, loss of range of motion, contractures,
- Pharmacological interventions for the acute management of hyperkalaemia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Oct-2015
Hyperkalaemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disturbance which may lead to cardiac arrhythmias and death. Renal replacement therapy is known to be effective in treating hyperkalaemia, but safe and effective pharmacological interventions are
- Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-May-2010
Allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (NHTRs) are the two most common forms of transfusion reaction. Pretransfusion medication with anti-inflammatory drugs is used in NHTR prevention, however its efficacy and safety remains unclear.
- Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of anxiety disorders in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2011
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterised by inflammation of the airways and destruction of pulmonary tissue with post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC of <0.70 (forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity). Evidence indicates
- Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of disordered and problem gambling
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2022
Pharmacological interventions for disordered and problem gambling have been employed in clinical practice. Despite the availability of several reviews of the efficacy of pharmacological interventions for disordered or problem gambling, few have employed s
- Pharmacological interventions for those who have sexually offended or are at risk of offending
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2015
Sexual offending is a serious social problem, a public health issue, and a major challenge for social policy. Victim surveys indicate high incidence and prevalence levels and it is accepted that there is a high proportion of hidden sexual victimisation. S
- Pharmacological interventions for treating acute heterotopic ossification
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2010
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the formation of mature lamellar bone in soft tissue sites outside the skeleton. HO frequently complicates burns, arthroplasty, fractures, and spinal cord and brain injuries. It can impair joint function.
