Showing 4941-4960 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pharmacotherapy for trichotillomania
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2021
Trichotillomania (TTM; hair-pulling disorder) is a prevalent and disabling disorder characterised by recurrent hair-pulling. Here we update a previous Cochrane Review on the effects of medication for TTM.
- Pharmacotherapy for weight loss in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2009
Obesity is closely related to type 2 diabetes and long-term weight reduction is an important part of the care delivered to obese persons with diabetes.
- Pharyngeal instillation of surfactant before the first breath for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants at risk of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2011
Intrapartum pharyngeal instillation of surfactant before the first breath may result in surfactant administration to the infant lung, with the potential benefit of avoiding endotracheal intubation and ventilation, ventilator induced lung injury and bronch
- Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2011
Preterm infants are at risk of periventricular haemorrhage (PVH). Phenobarbital might prevent ischaemic injury or reduce fluctuations in blood pressure and blood flow in the brain.
- Phenobarbitone versus phenytoin monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalised onset tonic-clonic seizures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2012
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library 2001, Issue 4.
- Phenytoin for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2014
Antiepileptic drugs have been used in pain management since the 1960s; some have shown efficacy in treating different neuropathic pain conditions. Phenytoin is an established antiepileptic drug that has been used occasionally to treat intractable trigemin
- Phenytoin versus valproate monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalised onset tonic-clonic seizures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2013
This is an updated version of the previously published Cochrane review (Issue 4, 2009)
- Phlebotonics for haemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2012
Haemorrhoids are variceal dilatations of the anal and perianal venous plexus and often develop secondary to the persistently elevated venous pressure within the haemorrhoidal plexus (Kumar 2005). Phlebotonics are a heterogenous class of drugs consisting o
- Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2008
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common condition caused by inadequate blood flow through the veins, usually in the lower limbs. It can result in considerable discomfort with symptoms such as pain, itchiness and tiredness in the legs. Sufferers may
- Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2018
The reading skills of 16% of children fall below the mean range for their age, and 5% of children have significant and severe reading problems. Phonics training is one of the most common reading treatments used with poor readers, particularly children.
- Phosphate binders for preventing and treating bone disease in chronic kidney disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2011
Phosphate binders are widely used to lower serum phosphorus levels in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) but their impact in CKD remains controversial.
- Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2013
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cough, sputum production or dyspnoea and a reduction in lung function, quality of life and life expectancy. Apart from smoking cessation, there are no other treatments that slow lung function
- Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors for pulmonary hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2009
Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) can be either of unknown aetiology (primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH)) or due to a known underlying cause (secondary pulmonary hypertension (SPH). Pulmonary arteriolar vasoconstriction is considered to be an important charac
- Phosphodiesterase III inhibitors for heart failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2012
In the treatment of chronic heart failure, vasodilating agents, ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers have shown an increase of life expectancy. Another strategy is to increase the inotropic state of the myocardium : phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDIs) act by
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Erectile dysfunction is a common multi-factorial complication of diabetes mellitus. Numerous strategies have been tried to overcome this diabetic complication. In recent years, phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors have been introduced in the manage
- Photodynamic therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2009
In neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) new vessels grow under the retina distorting vision and leading to scarring. This is exacerbated if the blood vessels leak. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been investigated as a way to treat the neovas
- Photodynamic therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2014
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a benign condition of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. It is characterised by recurrent papillomatous lesions and is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). Frequent recurrence and rapid papill
- Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) versus laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia correction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-May-2012
Hyperopia, or hypermetropia (also known as long-sightedness or far-sightedness), is the condition where the unaccommodating eye brings parallel light to a focus behind the retina instead of on it. Hyperopia can be corrected with both non-surgical and surg
- Phototherapy for atopic eczema
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2021
Atopic eczema (AE), also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes significant burden. Phototherapy is sometimes used to treat AE when topical treatments, such as corticosteroids, are insufficient or poorly tolerated
- Phototherapy for treating pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jul-2014
A pressure ulcer is defined as "an area of localized injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue, usually over a bony prominence, as a result of pressure, or pressure in combination with shear". The use of phototherapy - that is, light (or laser) used as
