Showing 481-500 of 753 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pharmacotherapeutics 
- Nitrates for achalasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Achalasia is a disease that impairs oesophageal motility. Although nitrates have been used to treat achalasia for a long time, the effectiveness of nitrates for achalasia is still controversial. Newer therapies have to some extent superceded the use of ni
- Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L-arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2008
Nitric oxide has several effects that may be beneficial in ischaemic stroke and useful in the management of high blood pressure in acute stroke. Some forms of nitric oxide synthase inhibition may also be beneficial. However, high concentrations of nitric
- Nitric oxide donors for treating preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-May-2014
A number of tocolytics have been advocated for the treatment of threatened preterm labour in order to delay birth. The rationale is that a delay in birth may be associated with improved neonatal morbidity or mortality. Nitric oxide donors, such as nitrogl
- Nitric oxide for preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2010
Pre-eclampsia, a multisystem disorder of pregnancy characterised by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Nitric oxide mediates many functions of the endothelium, including vasodilatation and inhibition
- Nitric oxide for respiratory failure in infants born at or near term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Nitric oxide is a major endogenous regulator of vascular tone. Inhaled nitric oxide gas has been investigated as a treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.
- Non surgical therapy for anal fissure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2012
Because of the disability associated with surgery for anal fissure and the risk of incontinence, medical alternatives for surgery have been sought. Most recently, pharmacologic methods that relax the anal smooth muscle, to accomplish reversibly what occur
- Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2013
About 80% to 90% of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) have relapses. Of these children, around half relapse frequently, and are at risk of adverse effects from corticosteroids. Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications are u
- Non-neuroleptic catecholaminergic drugs for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a disabling movement disorder associated with the prolonged use of neuroleptic medication. Several strategies have been examined in the treatment of TD. Currently, however, there is no clear evidence of the effectiveness of thes
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents for treating cystoid macular oedema following cataract surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2012
Cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is the accumulation of fluid in the central retina (the macula) due to leakage from dilated capillaries. It is the most common cause of poor visual outcome following cataract surgery. The exact cause is unclear. Acute CMO, def
- Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and aspirin for preventing colorectal adenomas and carcinomas
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2004
There is evidence from experimental animals studies, prospective and retrospective observational studies that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) may reduce the development of sporadic colorectal adenomas (CRAs) and cancer (CRC) and may induce t
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for treating lateral elbow pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2013
Lateral elbow pain, or tennis elbow, is a common condition that causes pain in the elbow and forearm. Although self-limiting, it can be associated with significant disability and often results in work absence. It is often treated with topical and oral non
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) versus opioids for acute renal colic
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2008
Renal colic is a common cause of acute severe pain. Both opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are recommended for treatment, but the relative efficacy of these drugs is uncertain.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and perioperative bleeding in paediatric tonsillectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jul-2013
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for pain relief following tonsillectomy in children. However, as they inhibit platelet aggregation and prolong bleeding time they could cause increased perioperative bleeding. The overall risk remains
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2015
Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynaecological problem consisting of painful cramps accompanying menstruation, which in the absence of any underlying abnormality is known as primary dysmenorrhoea. Research has shown that women with dysmenorrhoea have high level
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is an important cause of ill health in premenopausal women. Although surgery is often used as a treatment, a range of medical therapies are also available. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce prostaglandin
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most frequently prescribed medications worldwide and are widely used for patients with low-back pain. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are currently available and used for patients with low-back pain.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain in women with endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition that affects women and can lead to painful symptoms and infertility. It greatly affects women's quality of life, impacting on their careers, everyday activities, sexual and non-sexual relationships, and f
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for preventing heterotopic bone formation after hip arthroplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Heterotopic bone formation (HBF) in the soft tissues surrounding the hip joint is a frequent complication of hip surgery. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administered in the immediate perioperative period reduce the risk of HBF. However, th
- Non-surgical treatment (other than steroid injection) for carpal tunnel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Non-surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome is frequently offered to those with mild to moderate symptoms. The effectiveness and duration of benefit from non-surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome remain unknown.
- NSAIDS or paracetamol, alone or combined with opioids, for cancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2011
NSAIDs are widely applied to treat cancer pain and are frequently combined with opioids in combination preparations for this purpose. However, it is unclear which agent is most clinically efficacious for relieving cancer-related pain, or even what may be
